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Inadequacy of vitamins and minerals among high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco
To assess micronutrient intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy in a sample of high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco. Food records were compiled over three non-consecutive days by pre-trained pupils. Micronutrient intakes were estimated using the DIAL software, adapted to include foods commonly...
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| Published in: | Public health nutrition 2014-08, Vol.17 (8), p.1786-1795 |
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| creator | Anzid, Karim Baali, Abdellatif Vimard, Patrice Levy-Desroches, Susan Cherkaoui, Mohamed López, Pilar Montero |
| description | To assess micronutrient intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy in a sample of high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco.
Food records were compiled over three non-consecutive days by pre-trained pupils. Micronutrient intakes were estimated using the DIAL software, adapted to include foods commonly eaten in Morocco. The prevalence of inadequacy was estimated by the proportion of individuals with intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for vitamins B12, A and K, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate, ascorbic acid, iodine, Ca, Mg and P; below the Adequate Intake (AI) level for pantothenic acid, biotin, Na and K; and using the probability approach for Fe. Data were adjusted for intra-individual variation with exclusion of under-reporters.
Ouarzazate, a semi-urban region situated on the southern slopes of the High Atlas with little industrial development but an important tourism sector.
A self-selected sample of 312 pupils aged 15-19 years from the five public high schools. After exclusion of under-reporters, 293 remained for analysis.
The highest proportions of below-EAR/AI intakes were seen for pantothenic acid (girls 85·1 %, boys 78·0 %), biotin (boys 83·1 %, girls 79·4 %), thiamin (boys 66·9 %), folate (girls 93·1 %, boys 74·6 %), iodine (boys 94·9 %, girls 88·0 %) and Ca (girls 83·4 %, boys 74·6 %). Na intake was generally in excess whereas K intake was below the AI level. In general, girls had better-quality diets than boys, who appeared to consume more 'empty calories'.
Our findings suggest that in this population of Moroccan adolescents, nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating habits and correct micronutrient inadequacies. To provide reliable and precise estimates of nutrient intakes, an update of Moroccan food composition databases is urgently needed. We recommend that national authorities address these issues. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S1368980013002140 |
| format | article |
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Food records were compiled over three non-consecutive days by pre-trained pupils. Micronutrient intakes were estimated using the DIAL software, adapted to include foods commonly eaten in Morocco. The prevalence of inadequacy was estimated by the proportion of individuals with intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for vitamins B12, A and K, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate, ascorbic acid, iodine, Ca, Mg and P; below the Adequate Intake (AI) level for pantothenic acid, biotin, Na and K; and using the probability approach for Fe. Data were adjusted for intra-individual variation with exclusion of under-reporters.
Ouarzazate, a semi-urban region situated on the southern slopes of the High Atlas with little industrial development but an important tourism sector.
A self-selected sample of 312 pupils aged 15-19 years from the five public high schools. After exclusion of under-reporters, 293 remained for analysis.
The highest proportions of below-EAR/AI intakes were seen for pantothenic acid (girls 85·1 %, boys 78·0 %), biotin (boys 83·1 %, girls 79·4 %), thiamin (boys 66·9 %), folate (girls 93·1 %, boys 74·6 %), iodine (boys 94·9 %, girls 88·0 %) and Ca (girls 83·4 %, boys 74·6 %). Na intake was generally in excess whereas K intake was below the AI level. In general, girls had better-quality diets than boys, who appeared to consume more 'empty calories'.
Our findings suggest that in this population of Moroccan adolescents, nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating habits and correct micronutrient inadequacies. To provide reliable and precise estimates of nutrient intakes, an update of Moroccan food composition databases is urgently needed. We recommend that national authorities address these issues.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1368-9800</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S1368980013002140</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23953955</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject><![CDATA[Adolescent ; Adult ; Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding ; Avitaminosis - epidemiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biotin ; Calcium - administration & dosage ; Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage ; Child development ; Chronic illnesses ; Developing countries ; Diet - standards ; Dietary minerals ; Eating behavior ; Environment. Living conditions ; Epidemiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Food ; Health care ; Health promotion ; Humans ; Industrial development ; Iodine ; Iodine - administration & dosage ; LDCs ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Minerals - administration & dosage ; Morocco - epidemiology ; Nutrition ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutrition Policy ; Nutritional Requirements ; Potassium - administration & dosage ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Research Papers ; Schools ; Sex Factors ; Sodium - administration & dosage ; Sodium, Dietary - administration & dosage ; Teenagers ; Trace Elements - administration & dosage ; Trace Elements - deficiency ; Urban areas ; Vitamin B ; Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage ; Vitamins ; Young Adult]]></subject><ispartof>Public health nutrition, 2014-08, Vol.17 (8), p.1786-1795</ispartof><rights>Copyright © The Authors 2013</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>The Authors 2013 2013 The Authors</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-f4d3c4c1cb6bc4a9876972ef9d7a80d8cd1584373e00dc95f8e8ae9656feaf063</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-f4d3c4c1cb6bc4a9876972ef9d7a80d8cd1584373e00dc95f8e8ae9656feaf063</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10282389/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980013002140/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793,72960</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28599535$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23953955$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Anzid, Karim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baali, Abdellatif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vimard, Patrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levy-Desroches, Susan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cherkaoui, Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López, Pilar Montero</creatorcontrib><title>Inadequacy of vitamins and minerals among high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco</title><title>Public health nutrition</title><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><description>To assess micronutrient intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy in a sample of high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco.
Food records were compiled over three non-consecutive days by pre-trained pupils. Micronutrient intakes were estimated using the DIAL software, adapted to include foods commonly eaten in Morocco. The prevalence of inadequacy was estimated by the proportion of individuals with intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for vitamins B12, A and K, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate, ascorbic acid, iodine, Ca, Mg and P; below the Adequate Intake (AI) level for pantothenic acid, biotin, Na and K; and using the probability approach for Fe. Data were adjusted for intra-individual variation with exclusion of under-reporters.
Ouarzazate, a semi-urban region situated on the southern slopes of the High Atlas with little industrial development but an important tourism sector.
A self-selected sample of 312 pupils aged 15-19 years from the five public high schools. After exclusion of under-reporters, 293 remained for analysis.
The highest proportions of below-EAR/AI intakes were seen for pantothenic acid (girls 85·1 %, boys 78·0 %), biotin (boys 83·1 %, girls 79·4 %), thiamin (boys 66·9 %), folate (girls 93·1 %, boys 74·6 %), iodine (boys 94·9 %, girls 88·0 %) and Ca (girls 83·4 %, boys 74·6 %). Na intake was generally in excess whereas K intake was below the AI level. In general, girls had better-quality diets than boys, who appeared to consume more 'empty calories'.
Our findings suggest that in this population of Moroccan adolescents, nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating habits and correct micronutrient inadequacies. To provide reliable and precise estimates of nutrient intakes, an update of Moroccan food composition databases is urgently needed. We recommend that national authorities address these issues.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</subject><subject>Avitaminosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biotin</subject><subject>Calcium - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Child development</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>Diet - standards</subject><subject>Dietary minerals</subject><subject>Eating behavior</subject><subject>Environment. Living conditions</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health promotion</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Industrial development</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Iodine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Minerals - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Morocco - epidemiology</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Nutrition Assessment</subject><subject>Nutrition Policy</subject><subject>Nutritional Requirements</subject><subject>Potassium - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Research Papers</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Sodium - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Sodium, Dietary - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Trace Elements - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Trace Elements - deficiency</subject><subject>Urban areas</subject><subject>Vitamin B</subject><subject>Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Vitamins</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1368-9800</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kV1rFTEQhhdRbK3-AG9kQQQvXJ0km01yVaT4Uaj0onod5uTjnJTd5DTZLbS_3hx6rFURApnhfeadGaZpXhJ4T4CIDxeEDVJJAMIAKOnhUXNIesE7Kqh4XOMqdzv9oHlWyiUAcCHE0-aAMsXr44fNxWlE664WNDdt8u11mHEKsbQYbVsDl3GsyZTiut2E9aYrZpPS2G6XbahCiO35gvkWb3F279pvKSdj0vPmia9l7sX-P2p-fP70_eRrd3b-5fTk41lnONC5871lpjfErIaV6VFJMShBnVdWoAQrjSVc9kwwB2CN4l46iU4NfPAOPQzsqDm-890uq8lZ4-Jcx9XbHCbMNzph0H8qMWz0Ol1rAlRSJlV1eLt3yOlqcWXWUyjGjSNGl5aiCe_pwAlltKKv_0Iv05Jj3W9HETmAEH2lyB1lciolO38_DQG9u5n-52a15tXDNe4rfh2pAm_2ABaDo88YTSi_OclVJXcc2zfHaZWDXbsHM_63_U8sza6B</recordid><startdate>20140801</startdate><enddate>20140801</enddate><creator>Anzid, Karim</creator><creator>Baali, Abdellatif</creator><creator>Vimard, Patrice</creator><creator>Levy-Desroches, Susan</creator><creator>Cherkaoui, Mohamed</creator><creator>López, Pilar Montero</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140801</creationdate><title>Inadequacy of vitamins and minerals among high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco</title><author>Anzid, Karim ; Baali, Abdellatif ; Vimard, Patrice ; Levy-Desroches, Susan ; Cherkaoui, Mohamed ; López, Pilar Montero</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-f4d3c4c1cb6bc4a9876972ef9d7a80d8cd1584373e00dc95f8e8ae9656feaf063</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</topic><topic>Avitaminosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biotin</topic><topic>Calcium - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Child development</topic><topic>Chronic illnesses</topic><topic>Developing countries</topic><topic>Diet - standards</topic><topic>Dietary minerals</topic><topic>Eating behavior</topic><topic>Environment. Living conditions</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Feeding Behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Health promotion</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Industrial development</topic><topic>Iodine</topic><topic>Iodine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>LDCs</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Minerals - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Morocco - epidemiology</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Nutrition Assessment</topic><topic>Nutrition Policy</topic><topic>Nutritional Requirements</topic><topic>Potassium - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Research Papers</topic><topic>Schools</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Sodium - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Sodium, Dietary - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>Trace Elements - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Trace Elements - deficiency</topic><topic>Urban areas</topic><topic>Vitamin B</topic><topic>Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Vitamins</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Anzid, Karim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baali, Abdellatif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vimard, Patrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levy-Desroches, Susan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cherkaoui, Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López, Pilar Montero</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Agriculture Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Anzid, Karim</au><au>Baali, Abdellatif</au><au>Vimard, Patrice</au><au>Levy-Desroches, Susan</au><au>Cherkaoui, Mohamed</au><au>López, Pilar Montero</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Inadequacy of vitamins and minerals among high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco</atitle><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><date>2014-08-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1786</spage><epage>1795</epage><pages>1786-1795</pages><issn>1368-9800</issn><eissn>1475-2727</eissn><abstract>To assess micronutrient intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy in a sample of high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco.
Food records were compiled over three non-consecutive days by pre-trained pupils. Micronutrient intakes were estimated using the DIAL software, adapted to include foods commonly eaten in Morocco. The prevalence of inadequacy was estimated by the proportion of individuals with intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for vitamins B12, A and K, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate, ascorbic acid, iodine, Ca, Mg and P; below the Adequate Intake (AI) level for pantothenic acid, biotin, Na and K; and using the probability approach for Fe. Data were adjusted for intra-individual variation with exclusion of under-reporters.
Ouarzazate, a semi-urban region situated on the southern slopes of the High Atlas with little industrial development but an important tourism sector.
A self-selected sample of 312 pupils aged 15-19 years from the five public high schools. After exclusion of under-reporters, 293 remained for analysis.
The highest proportions of below-EAR/AI intakes were seen for pantothenic acid (girls 85·1 %, boys 78·0 %), biotin (boys 83·1 %, girls 79·4 %), thiamin (boys 66·9 %), folate (girls 93·1 %, boys 74·6 %), iodine (boys 94·9 %, girls 88·0 %) and Ca (girls 83·4 %, boys 74·6 %). Na intake was generally in excess whereas K intake was below the AI level. In general, girls had better-quality diets than boys, who appeared to consume more 'empty calories'.
Our findings suggest that in this population of Moroccan adolescents, nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating habits and correct micronutrient inadequacies. To provide reliable and precise estimates of nutrient intakes, an update of Moroccan food composition databases is urgently needed. We recommend that national authorities address these issues.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>23953955</pmid><doi>10.1017/S1368980013002140</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1368-9800 |
| ispartof | Public health nutrition, 2014-08, Vol.17 (8), p.1786-1795 |
| issn | 1368-9800 1475-2727 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10282389 |
| source | Cambridge Journals Online; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding Avitaminosis - epidemiology Biological and medical sciences Biotin Calcium - administration & dosage Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage Child development Chronic illnesses Developing countries Diet - standards Dietary minerals Eating behavior Environment. Living conditions Epidemiology Feeding Behavior Female Food Health care Health promotion Humans Industrial development Iodine Iodine - administration & dosage LDCs Male Medical sciences Medicine Minerals - administration & dosage Morocco - epidemiology Nutrition Nutrition Assessment Nutrition Policy Nutritional Requirements Potassium - administration & dosage Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Research Papers Schools Sex Factors Sodium - administration & dosage Sodium, Dietary - administration & dosage Teenagers Trace Elements - administration & dosage Trace Elements - deficiency Urban areas Vitamin B Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage Vitamins Young Adult |
| title | Inadequacy of vitamins and minerals among high-school pupils in Ouarzazate, Morocco |
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