Predictors of Hypersensitivity Reactions to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman: A case control study

• Published in: Sultan Qaboos University medical journal 2023-05, Vol.23 (2), p.233-238
• Main Authors: Salman, Bushra, Al-Rasbi, Fatma, Al-Ward, Nameer, Al-Baimani, Khalid, Burney, Ikram A, Abdullah, Eman, Al-Azizi, Buthaina, Al-Mishaikhi, Khulood, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Moundhri, Mansour
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Case-Control Studies; Clinical & Basic Research; Drug Hypersensitivity - epidemiology; Drug Hypersensitivity - etiology; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity - complications; Oman - epidemiology; Platinum - adverse effects; Retrospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers
• ISSN: 2075-051X; 2075-0528
• DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2023.001

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and evaluate risk factors of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to platinum-based compounds (PBCs) in cancer patients. PBCs play an important role in cancer therapy. However, one of the drawbacks of PBCs is the occasional occurrence of HSRs, which can lead to serious consequences. This retrospective case control study was conducted from January 2013 to December 2020 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman and included patients who received any PBC for the management of non-haematological cancers. Data regarding demographic characteristics and diseases and treatment details were collected from the hospital's electronic database. The data were quantitatively described and Student's t-test and Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney tests were used to detect significant differences. A total of 38 cases and 148 matched controls were studied. The prevalence of HSRs to PBCs in the cohort of this study was 4.7% (95% confidence interval: 3.33-6.37%), higher with carboplatin compared with cisplatin and oxaliplatin. The female gender ( = 0.032), concomitant taxanes ( = 0.002) and concurrent radiation (