Heart Disease Characterization and Myocardial Strain Analysis in Patients with PACS1 Neurodevelopmental Disorder

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine 2023-06, Vol.12 (12), p.4052
• Main Authors: Latorre-Pellicer, Ana, Trujillano, Laura, Del Rincón, Julia, Peña-Marco, Mónica, Gil-Salvador, Marta, Lucia-Campos, Cristina, Arnedo, María, Puisac, Beatriz, Ramos, Feliciano J, Ayerza-Casas, Ariadna, Pié, Juan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Blood pressure; Cardiac function; Cardiovascular disease; Child development; Clinical medicine; Congenital diseases; Heart rate; Intellectual disabilities; Neurodevelopmental disorders; Software; Standard deviation; Ultrasonic imaging; Velocity
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124052

neurodevelopmental disorder ( -NDD) (MIM# 615009) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, and congenital malformations. Heart disease (HD) is frequently present in individuals with -NDD, but a compressive review of these anomalies and an evaluation of cardiac function in a cohort of patients are lacking. (i) Cardiac evaluation in 11 -NDD patients was conducted using conventional echocardiography. (ii) Heart function was assessed by tissue Doppler imaging, and two-dimensional speckle tracking was performed in seven patients and matched controls. (iii) This systematic review focused on determining HD prevalence in individuals with -NDD. In our cohort, 7 of 11 patients presented HD. (Among them, three cases of ascending aortic dilatation (AAD) were detected and one mitral valve prolapse (MVP).) None of the patients showed echocardiographic pathological values, and the left global longitudinal strain was not significantly different between patients and controls (patients -24.26 ± 5.89% vs. controls -20.19 ± 1.75%, = 0.3176). In the literature review, almost 42% (42/100) of individuals with -NDD reportedly experienced HD. Septal defects were the most common malformation, followed by patent ductus arteriosus. Our results show a high prevalence of HD in -NDD patients; in this way, AAD and MVP are reported for the first time in this syndrome. Furthermore, a detailed cardiac function evaluation in our cohort did not reveal evidence of cardiac dysfunction in individuals with -NDD. Cardiology evaluation should be included for all individuals with Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome.