Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with onset witnessed by emergency medical services: Implications for improvement in overall survival

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a major public health problem. Even in high-income countries, survival rates have plateaued in the range of ten percent, stimulating an ongoing interest in developing novel approaches to resuscitation. Emergency Medical Services (EMS)-witnessed OHCAs con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Resuscitation 2022-06, Vol.175, p.19-27
Main Authors: Holmström, Lauri, Reinier, Kyndaron, Toft, Lorrel, Halperin, Henry, Salvucci, Angelo, Jui, Jonathan, Chugh, Sumeet S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiac arrest
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Emergency Medical Services
Humans
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Pulseless electrical activity
Registries
Sudden cardiac death
Survival
Survival Rate
Ventricular fibrillation
Witnessed status
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Summary:Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a major public health problem. Even in high-income countries, survival rates have plateaued in the range of ten percent, stimulating an ongoing interest in developing novel approaches to resuscitation. Emergency Medical Services (EMS)-witnessed OHCAs constitute a subgroup of overall OHCA that occur after the arrival of EMS, leading to rapid initiation of resuscitation and significantly improved survival. In this narrative review we summarize and interpret recent developments in knowledge of EMS-witnessed OHCA regarding prevalence, demographics, location, circumstances, survival outcomes and clinical profile. We examine the possibility of informing novel resuscitation approaches and enhancing mechanistic knowledge by studying EMS-witnessed OHCA, with the goal of improving overall survival from OHCA.
ISSN:0300-9572
1873-1570
DOI:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.04.003