Possible Genetic Risks from Heat-Damaged DNA in Food

The consumption of foods prepared at high temperatures has been associated with numerous health risks. To date, the chief identified source of risk has been small molecules produced in trace levels by cooking and reacting with healthy DNA upon consumption. Here, we considered whether the DNA in food...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS central science 2023-06, Vol.9 (6), p.1170-1179
Main Authors: Jun, Yong Woong, Kant, Melis, Coskun, Erdem, Kato, Takamitsu A., Jaruga, Pawel, Palafox, Elizabeth, Dizdaroglu, Miral, Kool, Eric T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Beef
Chromatography
Cooking
Damage
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA damage
DNA repair
Enzymes
Food
Food consumption
Genetic testing
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heat
High temperature
Hypotheses
Mass spectrometry
Meat
Mutation
Pyrimidines
Scientific imaging
Trace levels
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Summary:The consumption of foods prepared at high temperatures has been associated with numerous health risks. To date, the chief identified source of risk has been small molecules produced in trace levels by cooking and reacting with healthy DNA upon consumption. Here, we considered whether the DNA in food itself also presents a hazard. We hypothesize that high-temperature cooking may cause significant damage to the DNA in food, and this damage might find its way into cellular DNA by metabolic salvage. We tested cooked and raw foods and found high levels of hydrolytic and oxidative damage to all four DNA bases upon cooking. Exposing cultured cells to damaged 2′-deoxynucleosides (particularly pyrimidines) resulted in elevated DNA damage and repair responses in the cells. Feeding a deaminated 2′-deoxynucleoside (2′-deoxyuridine), and DNA containing it, to mice resulted in substantial uptake into intestinal genomic DNA and promoted double-strand chromosomal breaks there. The results suggest the possibility of a previously unrecognized pathway whereby high-temperature cooking may contribute to genetic risks.
ISSN:2374-7943
2374-7951
DOI:10.1021/acscentsci.2c01247