Dynamics of Bone Disease Biomarkers Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and sclerostin are essential Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors, playing an important role in multiple myeloma bone disease (MBD). We aimed to examine the serum DKK-1 and sclerostin variations in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at diagnosis and in the course of ther...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2023-07, Vol.12 (13), p.4440
Main Authors: Gerov, Vladimir, Gerova, Daniela, Micheva, Ilina, Nikolova, Miglena, Mihaylova, Galya, Galunska, Bistra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Biomarkers
Bone diseases
Bone marrow
Chemotherapy
Clinical medicine
Complications and side effects
Creatinine
Development and progression
Fractures
Genes
Glycoproteins
Health aspects
Ligands
Multiple myeloma
Physiological aspects
Plasma
Prognosis
Proteins
Risk factors
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Summary:Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and sclerostin are essential Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors, playing an important role in multiple myeloma bone disease (MBD). We aimed to examine the serum DKK-1 and sclerostin variations in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at diagnosis and in the course of therapy, including autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). This study included 41 NDMM-patients and 33 controls. MBD was assessed by whole-body low-dose computed tomography. DKK-1 and sclerostin were assayed by commercial ELISA kits. At diagnosis, NDMM-patients revealed significantly higher DKK-1 and sclerostin values ( < 0.0001), showing dependence on disease stage (lowest in ISS-I and highest in ISS-III: < 0.0012 and < 0.025, respectively, for both proteins). Bone lesions revealed significant positive correlation with both DKK-1 ( < 0.05) and sclerostin ( < 0.0001). In the course of therapy, significant reduction, more prominent after ASCT, was observed for both parameters in each treatment point compared to the baseline ( < 0.0001). Markedly lower sclerostin ( < 0.01) and DKK-1 ( < 0.05) values were observed in patients with complete and very good partial response compared to those with partial response, stable, or progressive disease. Sclerostin and DKK-1 in NDMM patients reflect the MBD severity and the effect of therapy. Both proteins could represent a novel tool for better disease monitoring and effectiveness of therapy.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm12134440