Stress shielding effect after total hip arthroplasty varies between combinations of stem design and stiffness—a comparing biomechanical finite element analysis

Purpose Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become a highly frequent orthopaedic procedure. Multiple approaches have been made to design the femoral component for THA with a mechanical behaviour as close as possible to a natural femur. The aim of this study was to compare different combinations of desi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International orthopaedics 2023-08, Vol.47 (8), p.1981-1987
Main Authors: Burchard, Rene, Graw, Jan A., Soost, Christian, Schmitt, Jan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - adverse effects
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - methods
Biomechanical Phenomena
Femur - surgery
Finite Element Analysis
Hip Prosthesis - adverse effects
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Paper
Orthopedics
Prosthesis Design
Stress, Mechanical
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Summary:Purpose Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become a highly frequent orthopaedic procedure. Multiple approaches have been made to design the femoral component for THA with a mechanical behaviour as close as possible to a natural femur. The aim of this study was to compare different combinations of design and biomechanical properties of THA prostheses and their impact on stress shielding of the periprosthetic bone. Methods Virtual implantation of different stem designs (straight standard stem, straight short stem, anatomical short stem) by finite element analysis based on in vivo data from computer tomography was performed. For each stem, three grades of stiffness were generated, followed by a strain analysis. Results Reduction of stem stiffness led to less stress shielding. Implantation of an anatomical short-stem prosthesis with low stiffness provided the most physiological strain-loading effect ( p  
ISSN:0341-2695
1432-5195
DOI:10.1007/s00264-023-05825-7