miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to messenger RNAs. miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is implicated in many human and canine diseases. Most cancers tested to date...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes 2023-06, Vol.14 (7), p.1375
Main Authors: Chakrabortty, Atonu, Patton, Daniel J, Smith, Bruce F, Agarwal, Payal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism
Biosynthesis
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Colorectal cancer
Development and progression
Dogs
Drug resistance
Gastric cancer
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genes
Genetic transcription
Humans
Hyperplasia
Leukemia
Lung cancer
Medical diagnosis
Medical prognosis
Melanoma
Metastasis
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
Neoplasms - diagnosis
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - genetics
Oncology, Experimental
Ovarian cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Phosphatase
Post-transcription
Prognosis
Prostate cancer
Proteins
Review
Therapeutic applications
Therapeutic targets
Tumors
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Summary:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to messenger RNAs. miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is implicated in many human and canine diseases. Most cancers tested to date have been shown to express altered miRNA levels, which indicates their potential importance in the oncogenic process. Based on this evidence, numerous miRNAs have been suggested as potential cancer biomarkers for both diagnosis and prognosis. miRNA-based therapies have also been tested in different cancers and have provided measurable clinical benefits to patients. In addition, understanding miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms in cancer can provide important knowledge about resistance to chemotherapies, leading to more personalized cancer treatment. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the importance of miRNA in human and canine cancer research. We discussed the current state of development and potential for the miRNA as both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target.
ISSN:2073-4425
2073-4425
DOI:10.3390/genes14071375