Complete small intestinal obstruction due to band formation in low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm: A rare case report and literature review

• Published in: International journal of surgery case reports 2023-07, Vol.108, p.108422, Article 108422
• Main Authors: Gupta, Prahlad, Mishra, Amit Kumar, Deo, Anshu, Yadav, Radheshyam, K.C., Milan, Bhattarai, Abhishek
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Appendiceal neoplasm; Band; Case Report; Intestinal obstruction; Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm
• ISSN: 2210-2612; 2210-2612
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108422

Intestinal obstruction due to external compression is a rare condition, and those caused by appendiceal neoplasms like low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are extremely rare. A 67-year-old post-menopausal female, with no history of prior abdominal surgery, presented to the emergency room with constipation for 2 days, and peri-umbilical pain and non-projectile bilious vomiting for 19 h. There was mild abdominal distension and diffuse tenderness. After ultrasonography and Computed Tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis, a provisional diagnosis of complete small bowel obstruction secondary to perforated mucinous neoplasm of the appendix was made. An emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed followed by ileo-cecal resection and ileocolic anastomosis. Intraoperative findings revealed bands extending from the appendix to the ileum forming a closed loop with gangrenous spots in the distal ileum and ascitic fluid with mucin. Later, histopathological examination findings were consistent with low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN). We reviewed three cases of intestinal obstruction, caused by compression from a LAMN, including the presented case. Preoperative diagnosis of the cause of small intestinal obstruction on CT is sometimes challenging. Hence, in patients with intestinal obstruction with a transition point in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen on CT, a high index of suspicion for an appendiceal etiology is required. LAMN with an associated band should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses in the patient presenting with symptoms of complete small intestinal obstruction without prior abdominal surgery. •Intestinal obstruction due to low-grade appendiceal neoplasm (LAMN) is rare.•Ileal ischemia due to band in LAMN•LAMN should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the patient with complete small intestinal obstruction.•The standard surgical treatment of LAMN is still debatable.