Silicon Nitride Ceramics: Structure, Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications

Silicon nitride ceramics excel by superior mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties that render the material suitable for applications in several technologically challenging fields. In addition to high temperature, high stress applications have been implemented in aerospace gas turbines and inte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2023-07, Vol.16 (14), p.5142
Main Author: Heimann, Robert B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia
Atoms & subatomic particles
Biomedical engineering
Biomedical materials
Ceramic materials
Ceramics
Chemical properties
Chemical vapor deposition
Covalent bonds
Dental implants
Dental materials
Gas turbine engines
Gas turbines
Geoengineering
High temperature
Hot pressing
Implant dentures
Internal combustion engines
Machining
Manufacturing
Mechanical properties
Nanoparticles
Nitrogen
Orthopedics
Review
Silica
Silicon
Silicon compounds
Silicon nitride
Technology application
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Summary:Silicon nitride ceramics excel by superior mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties that render the material suitable for applications in several technologically challenging fields. In addition to high temperature, high stress applications have been implemented in aerospace gas turbines and internal combustion engines as well as in tools for metal manufacturing, forming, and machining. During the past few decades, extensive research has been performed to make silicon nitride suitable for use in a variety of biomedical applications. This contribution discusses the structure-property-application relations of silicon nitride. A comparison with traditional oxide-based ceramics confirms that the advantageous mechanical and biomedical properties of silicon nitride are based on a high proportion of covalent bonds. The present biomedical applications are reviewed here, which include intervertebral spacers, orthopedic and dental implants, antibacterial and antiviral applications, and photonic parts for medical diagnostics.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma16145142