The Integrase: An Overview of a Key Player Enzyme in the Antiviral Scenario

Integration of a desossiribonucleic acid (DNA) copy of the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) into host genomes is a fundamental step in the replication cycle of all retroviruses. The highly conserved virus-encoded Integrase enzyme (IN; EC 2.7.7.49) catalyzes such a process by means of two consecutive rea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-07, Vol.24 (15), p.12187
Main Authors: Renzi, Gioele, Carta, Fabrizio, Supuran, Claudiu T
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiviral agents
Antiviral drugs
Enzymes
Experiments
Genomes
Genomics
Health aspects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV
HIV (Viruses)
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
Leukemia
Proteins
Review
RNA
RNA polymerase
Viral infections
Viruses
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Summary:Integration of a desossiribonucleic acid (DNA) copy of the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) into host genomes is a fundamental step in the replication cycle of all retroviruses. The highly conserved virus-encoded Integrase enzyme (IN; EC 2.7.7.49) catalyzes such a process by means of two consecutive reactions named 3'-processing (3-P) and strand transfer (ST). The Authors report and discuss the major discoveries and advances which mainly contributed to the development of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) -IN targeted inhibitors for therapeutic applications. All the knowledge accumulated over the years continues to serve as a valuable resource for the design and development of effective antiretroviral drugs.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms241512187