Causes of Non-Adherence to Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy: A Foundation towards a Patient-Personalized Approach

Background. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy for allergic conditions, resulting in a long-lasting tolerance beyond the duration of the treatment. Due to the strong relationship between the effectiveness, its optimal duration (at least three years) and the o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personalized medicine 2023-07, Vol.13 (8), p.1206
Main Authors: Ridolo, Erminia, Nicoletta, Francesca, Barone, Alessandro, Ottoni, Martina, Senna, Gianenrico, Canonica, Giorgio Walter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens
Allergic reaction
Allergies
Allergy
Analysis
Care and treatment
Compliance
Health care industry
Immunotherapy
Oral administration
Patient compliance
Patients
Precision medicine
Review
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Summary:Background. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy for allergic conditions, resulting in a long-lasting tolerance beyond the duration of the treatment. Due to the strong relationship between the effectiveness, its optimal duration (at least three years) and the observation of the correct administration protocol, appropriate adherence to the plan of treatment represents a critical factor for the therapeutical success of AIT. Methods. Analysis of studies about the rate of adherence in subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy, which are the main routes of administration of AIT. Results. There are different causes leading to a premature interruption of the therapy or to it being incorrectly carried out; the most reported include erroneous expectations of the effectiveness and the adverse effects, economic issues, inconvenience and unrelated clinical conditions. Conclusions. An attentive analysis of the main causes of dropouts may be useful to improve the management of these patients and to develop new strategies for a personalized approach. These strategies should be dynamic, involving attentive communication between the physician and the patient about all the possible criticalities, especially in the initial phase of the therapy, and facilitating, as much as possible, access to healthcare providers over the course of the maintenance phase, including by exploiting technological tools.
ISSN:2075-4426
2075-4426
DOI:10.3390/jpm13081206