Anticancer Effect of Gallic Acid on Acidity-Induced Invasion of MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells

The acidic tumor environment has emerged as a crucial factor influencing the metastatic potential of cancer. We investigated the effect of an acidic environment on the acquisition of metastatic properties in MCF7 breast cancer cells and explored the inhibitory effects of gallic acid. Prolonged expos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2023-08, Vol.15 (16), p.3596
Main Authors: Hong, Ran, Lim, Sung-Chul, Lee, Tae-Bum, Han, Song-Iy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidosis
Acids
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer cells
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Cells
Hydrogen-ion concentration
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Phenols
Software
Variance analysis
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Summary:The acidic tumor environment has emerged as a crucial factor influencing the metastatic potential of cancer. We investigated the effect of an acidic environment on the acquisition of metastatic properties in MCF7 breast cancer cells and explored the inhibitory effects of gallic acid. Prolonged exposure to acidic culture conditions (over 12 weeks at pH 6.4) induced the acquisition of migratory and invasive properties in MCF7 cells, accompanied by increased expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9, respectively), together with alterations in E-cadherin, vimentin, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers. Gallic acid effectively inhibited the survival of acidity-adapted MCF7 (MCF7-6.4/12w) cells at high concentrations (>30 μM) and reduced metastatic characteristics induced by acidic conditions at low concentration ranges (5–20 μM). Moreover, gallic acid suppressed the PI3K/Akt pathway and the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, which were elevated in MCF7-6.4/12w cells. These findings highlight the potential of gallic acid as a promising therapeutic agent for metastatic traits in breast cancer cells under acidic conditions.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu15163596