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Low-Pressure Deuterium Storage on Palladium-Coated Titanium Nanofilms: A Versatile Model System for Tritium-Based Betavoltaic Battery Applications
Deuterium (D2(g)) storage of Pd-coated Ti ultra-thin films at relatively low pressures is fine-tuned by systematically controlling the thicknesses of the catalytic Pd overlayer, underlying Ti ultra-thin film domain, D2(g) pressure (P D2), duration of D2(g) exposure, and the thin film temperature. St...
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Published in: | ACS applied materials & interfaces 2023-08, Vol.15 (34), p.40459-40468 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Deuterium (D2(g)) storage of Pd-coated Ti ultra-thin films at relatively low pressures is fine-tuned by systematically controlling the thicknesses of the catalytic Pd overlayer, underlying Ti ultra-thin film domain, D2(g) pressure (P D2), duration of D2(g) exposure, and the thin film temperature. Structural properties of the Ti/Pd nanofilms are investigated via XRD, XPS, AFM, SEM, and TPD to explore new structure-functionality relationships. Ti/Pd thin film systems are deuterated to obtain a D/Ti ratio of up to 1.53 forming crystallographically ordered titanium deuteride (TiD x ) phases with strong Ti x+–D y– electronic interactions and high thermal stability, where >90% of the stored D resides in the Ti component, thermally desorbing at >460 °C in the form of D2(g). Electronic interaction between Pd and D is weak, yielding metallic (Pd0) states where D storage occurs mostly on the Pd film surface (i.e., without forming ordered bulk PdD x phases) leading to the thermal desorption of primarily DOH(g) and D2O(g) at |
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ISSN: | 1944-8244 1944-8252 |
DOI: | 10.1021/acsami.3c06925 |