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Low-Pressure Deuterium Storage on Palladium-Coated Titanium Nanofilms: A Versatile Model System for Tritium-Based Betavoltaic Battery Applications

Deuterium (D2(g)) storage of Pd-coated Ti ultra-thin films at relatively low pressures is fine-tuned by systematically controlling the thicknesses of the catalytic Pd overlayer, underlying Ti ultra-thin film domain, D2(g) pressure (P D2), duration of D2(g) exposure, and the thin film temperature. St...

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Published in:ACS applied materials & interfaces 2023-08, Vol.15 (34), p.40459-40468
Main Authors: Ulusoy Ghobadi, Turkan Gamze, Kocak, Yusuf, Jalal, Ahsan, Altinkaynak, Yagmur, Celik, Gulsah, Semiz, Tolga, Cakir, Cihan, Butun, Bayram, Ozbay, Ekmel, Karadas, Ferdi, Ozensoy, Emrah
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Language:English
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Summary:Deuterium (D2(g)) storage of Pd-coated Ti ultra-thin films at relatively low pressures is fine-tuned by systematically controlling the thicknesses of the catalytic Pd overlayer, underlying Ti ultra-thin film domain, D2(g) pressure (P D2), duration of D2(g) exposure, and the thin film temperature. Structural properties of the Ti/Pd nanofilms are investigated via XRD, XPS, AFM, SEM, and TPD to explore new structure-functionality relationships. Ti/Pd thin film systems are deuterated to obtain a D/Ti ratio of up to 1.53 forming crystallographically ordered titanium deuteride (TiD x ) phases with strong Ti x+–D y– electronic interactions and high thermal stability, where >90% of the stored D resides in the Ti component, thermally desorbing at >460 °C in the form of D2(g). Electronic interaction between Pd and D is weak, yielding metallic (Pd0) states where D storage occurs mostly on the Pd film surface (i.e., without forming ordered bulk PdD x phases) leading to the thermal desorption of primarily DOH­(g) and D2O­(g) at
ISSN:1944-8244
1944-8252
DOI:10.1021/acsami.3c06925