Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a complex disorder that refers to different hip problems, ranging from neonatal instability to acetabular or femoral dysplasia, hip subluxation, and hip dislocation. It may result in structural modifications, which may lead to early coxarthrosis. Despite i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2023-08, Vol.15 (8), p.e43207-e43207
Main Authors: Bakarman, Khaled, Alsiddiky, Abdulmonem M, Zamzam, Mohamed, Alzain, Kholoud O, Alhuzaimi, Fahad S, Rafiq, Zulqurnain
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Babies
Breech presentation
Cartilage
Congenital diseases
Estrogens
Hip dislocation
Hip joint
Joint surgery
Medical diagnosis
Newborn babies
Orthopedics
Osteoarthritis
Packaging
Risk factors
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Summary:Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a complex disorder that refers to different hip problems, ranging from neonatal instability to acetabular or femoral dysplasia, hip subluxation, and hip dislocation. It may result in structural modifications, which may lead to early coxarthrosis. Despite identifying the risk factors, the exact aetiology and pathophysiology are still unclear. Neonatal screening, along with physical examination and ultrasound, is critical for the early diagnosis of DDH to prevent the occurrence of early coxarthrosis. This review summarizes the currently practised strategies for the detection and treatment of DDH, focusing particularly on current practices for managing residual acetabular dysplasia (AD). AD may persist even after a successful hip reduction. Pelvic osteotomy is required in cases of persistent AD. It could also be undertaken simultaneously with an open hip reduction. Evaluation of the residual dysplasia (RD) of the hip and its management is still a highly active area of discussion. Recent research has opened the door to discussion on this issue and suggested treatment options for AD. But there is still room for more research to assist in managing AD.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.43207