Mutational spectrum of TP53 gene correlates with nivolumab treatment efficacy in advanced gastric cancer (TP53MUT study)

• Published in: British journal of cancer 2023-10, Vol.129 (6), p.1032-1039
• Main Authors: Ando, Koji, Nakamura, Yoshiaki, Kitao, Hiroyuki, Shimokawa, Mototsugu, Kotani, Daisuke, Bando, Hideaki, Nishina, Tomohiro, Yamada, Takanobu, Yuki, Satoshi, Narita, Yukiya, Hara, Hiroki, Ohta, Takashi, Esaki, Taito, Hamamoto, Yasuo, Kato, Ken, Yamamoto, Yoshiyuki, Minashi, Keiko, Ohtsubo, Koushiro, Izawa, Naoki, Kawakami, Hisato, Kato, Takeshi, Satoh, Taroh, Okano, Naohiro, Tsuji, Akihito, Yamazaki, Kentaro, Yoshino, Takayuki, Maehara, Yoshihiko, Oki, Eiji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/67/1059/2325; 631/67/1504/1829; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - therapeutic use; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cancer Research; Drug Resistance; Epidemiology; Gastric cancer; Genes, p53; Humans; Immunotherapy; Molecular Medicine; Monoclonal antibodies; Mutants; Mutation; Nivolumab - therapeutic use; Oncology; p53 Protein; Stomach Neoplasms - drug therapy; Stomach Neoplasms - genetics; Targeted cancer therapy; Transversion; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - genetics
• ISSN: 0007-0920; 1532-1827; 1532-1827
• DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02378-9

Background Although nivolumab has a high efficacy, reliable biomarkers are needed to predict the efficacy. We evaluated the nivolumab efficacy according to the TP53 mutation in advanced gastric cancer patients enrolled in the GI-SCREEN project. Methods Sequence data of tumour specimens and clinicopathological information of 913 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were enrolled between April 2015 and March 2017 were obtained from the GI-SCREEN database. The follow-up information of 266 patients treated with nivolumab was also provided. Results Among 266 patients treated with nivolumab, the objective response rate (ORR) of TP53 wild type (wt) patients (24.6%) was higher than that of TP53 mutant patients (14.8%). Among TP53 mutant patients, the ORR of the frameshift type tended to be higher than the transition and transversion type (23.1%, 13.6%, and 13.0%, respectively). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was statistically longer in TP53 wt patients than in mutant patients (3.3 vs 2.1 months, HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.9). Among TP53 mutant patients, PFS was statistically longer in the frameshift type than in the transversion type. Conclusion Nivolumab showed better efficacy in TP53 wt patients than in mutant patients. Among TP53 mutant patients, the frameshift type may have efficacy from nivolumab treatment.