OCT Optic Nerve Head Morphology in Myopia II: Peri-Neural Canal Scleral Bowing and Choroidal Thickness in High Myopia—An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis

• Published in: American journal of ophthalmology 2023-08, Vol.252, p.225-252
• Main Authors: Burgoyne, Claude F., Wang, Ya Xing, Jeoung, Jin Wook, Hong, Seungwoo, Gardiner, Stuart, Reynaud, Juan, Fortune, Brad, Girard, Michaël J.A., Sharpe, Glen, Nicolela, Marcelo, Chauhan, Balwantray C., Yang, Hongli
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bruch Membrane; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Myopia - diagnosis; Neural Tube; Optic Disk - anatomy & histology; Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods
• ISSN: 0002-9394; 1879-1891; 1879-1891
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.03.002

To use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to characterize optic nerve head (ONH) peri-neural canal (pNC) scleral bowing (pNC-SB) and pNC choroidal thickness (pNC-CT) in 69 highly myopic and 138 healthy, age-matched, control eyes. Cross-sectional, case control study. Within ONH radial B-scans, Bruch membrane (BM), BM opening (BMO), anterior scleral canal opening (ASCO), and pNC scleral surface were segmented. BMO and ASCO planes and centroids were determined. pNC-SB was characterized within 30° foveal-BMO (FoBMO) sectors by 2 parameters: pNC-SB-scleral slope (pNC-SB-SS), measured within 3 pNC segments (0-300, 300-700, and 700-1000 μm from the ASCO centroid); and pNC-SB-ASCO depth relative to a pNC scleral reference plane (pNC-SB-ASCOD). pNC-CT was calculated as the minimum distance between the scleral surface and BM at 3 pNC locations (300, 700, and 1100 μm from the ASCO). pNC-SB increased and pNC-CT decreased with axial length (P < .0133; P < .0001) and age (P < .0211; P < .0004) among all study eyes. pNC-SB was increased (P < .001) and pNC-CT was decreased (P < .0279) in the highly myopic compared to control eyes, and these differences were greatest in the inferior quadrant sectors (P < .0002). Sectoral pNC-SB was not related to sectoral pNC-CT in control eyes, but was inversely related to sectoral pNC-CT (P < .0001) in the highly myopic eyes. Our data suggest that pNC-SB is increased and pNC-CT is decreased in highly myopic eyes and that these phenomena are greatest in the inferior sectors. They support the hypothesis that sectors of maximum pNC-SB may predict sectors of greatest susceptibility to aging and glaucoma in future longitudinal studies of highly myopic eyes. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.