Acute complications observed during intensive chemotherapy in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Single-center experience

OBJECTIVE: In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), very promising results were obtained thanks to the developments in treatment strategies in recent years. However, acute complications during treatment continue to be the important causes of mortality and morbidity. In this study, acute comp...

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Published in:Northern Clinics of Istanbul 2023-01, Vol.10 (4), p.458-469
Main Authors: Yildirim, Ulku Miray, Tekkesin, Funda, Koc, Begum Sirin, Aydogdu, Selime, Asarcikli, Fikret, Kilic, Suar Caki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Cancer
Care and treatment
Chemotherapy
Children
Gastrointestinal diseases
Germany
Health aspects
Leukemia
Medical records
Metabolism
Mortality
Original
Pediatrics
T cells
Vincristine
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Summary:OBJECTIVE: In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), very promising results were obtained thanks to the developments in treatment strategies in recent years. However, acute complications during treatment continue to be the important causes of mortality and morbidity. In this study, acute complications that develop during the treatment of ALL in childhood were evaluated. METHODS: Medical records of 47 patients treated according to (ALL Intercontinental Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster) 2009 protocol between 2016 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Of 47 patients, 28 (59.6%) were male and 19 (40.4%) were female. The mean age at diagnosis was 5.9 [+ or -] 4.2 years. Forty-four patients (93.6%) were pre-B cell ALL, 3 patients (6.4%) were pre-T cell ALL. Of 47 patients, 9 (19.1%) were high risk, 32 (68.1%) were intermediate risk, and 6 (12.8%) were standard risk. Acute complications developed in 38 patients (80.8%). Among these complications, infectious complications are the most common and these were followed by gastrointestinal complications, drug-related reactions, thrombotic, neurological, and endocrine/metabolic complications, respectively. CONCLUSION: In terms of complications that may develop, the threshold of suspicion should be kept low, and patients should be treated with the same medical team in fully equipped centers with a multidisciplinary approach. Inpatient treatment strategies should be applied especially in the early stages of treatment. The importance of inpatient treatment strategy, especially in the early stages of treatment, is emphasized. Keywords: Acute complications; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; childhood.
ISSN:2148-4902
2536-4553
DOI:10.14744/nci.2022.47600