Circadian Gene Variants in Diseases

The circadian rhythm is a self-sustaining 24 h cycle that regulates physiological processes within the body, including cycles of alertness and sleepiness. Cells have their own intrinsic clock, which consists of several proteins that regulate the circadian rhythm of each individual cell. The core of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes 2023-08, Vol.14 (9), p.1703
Main Authors: Gršković, Paula, Korać, Petra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
BMAL1 protein
Cardiovascular diseases
Cells
Circadian rhythm
Circadian rhythms
Estrogens
Genes
Genomes
Genotype & phenotype
Hypothalamus
Kinases
Localization
Metabolic disorders
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
Sleep
Sleep and wakefulness
Sleep disorders
Transcription factors
Tumors
Type 2 diabetes
White people
Womens health
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Summary:The circadian rhythm is a self-sustaining 24 h cycle that regulates physiological processes within the body, including cycles of alertness and sleepiness. Cells have their own intrinsic clock, which consists of several proteins that regulate the circadian rhythm of each individual cell. The core of the molecular clock in human cells consists of four main circadian proteins that work in pairs. The CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer and the PER-CRY heterodimer each regulate the other pair’s expression, forming a negative feedback loop. Several other proteins are involved in regulating the expression of the main circadian genes, and can therefore also influence the circadian rhythm of cells. This review focuses on the existing knowledge regarding circadian gene variants in both the main and secondary circadian genes, and their association with various diseases, such as tumors, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and sleep disorders.
ISSN:2073-4425
2073-4425
DOI:10.3390/genes14091703