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Postpartum Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
BackgroundDiabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or abnormalities in cellular activity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prominent indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which develops in pregnant women whose panc...
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| Published in: | Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2023-08, Vol.15 (8), p.e44273-e44273 |
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| creator | Arab, Suha Binmahfooz, Saleh Abualsaud, Renad M Basuliman, Alaa A Qurain, Roba AlSaidlani, Rawan H Alsharif, Shaker Alsaiari, Maha Awami, Hadeel |
| description | BackgroundDiabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or abnormalities in cellular activity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prominent indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which develops in pregnant women whose pancreatic function is insufficient to control the insulin resistance associated with pregnancy. Moreover, it is the most common metabolic disorder, with the majority of cases beginning in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and affecting up to 25% of pregnant women.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to identify factors associated with postpartum T2DM screening in women with GDM at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between 2010 and 2022. The secondary objective was to assess the factors associated with providing information to the patients about the risks of increased blood glucose and postpartum lifestyle modification.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at KAUH to investigate potential factors associated with postpartum screening for T2DM. Out of 564 patients diagnosed with GDM between 2020 and 2022, we included 200 women aged over 18 years with a history of GDM, as they met the inclusion criteria for our study. Patients younger than 18 years with missing or incomplete baseline characteristics were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), and p-value |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7759/cureus.44273 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10539098</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2871654990</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c277t-ed8729bfa8ae745277ccec302ad26556c949d13d643b3b6604629485453d76623</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptkV1P2zAUhqMJpFWMu_0AS7vhgjDHduyYm6kqDKYVbVJBXFqOc9oaJXHwB1L5M_urS2k1McSVLfvRo3PeN8s-F_hMiFJ-NclDCmeMEUE_ZBNS8CqvioodvLp_zI5DeMAYF1gQLPAk-_PbhThoH1OHFsYD9LZfoaXz6HYzACLowuoaIgR0A21rYwpo2rkRuXcd9OjexjW6ghB1tK7X7Tu4jujn1jmtm9TqZ_uM7nr7BD7YuEHXLgw26vYcTdHMuxDyBZi9ahFTs_mUHS51G-B4fx5ld98vb2fX-fzX1Y_ZdJ4bIkTMoakEkfVSVxoEK8c3Y8BQTHRDeFlyI5lsCtpwRmtac44ZJ5JVJStpIzgn9Cj7tvMOqe6gMdBHr1s1eNtpv1FOW_X_T2_XauWeVIFLKrGsRsPJ3uDdYxojUZ0NZkxB9-BSUKQSBS-ZlHhEv7xBH1zy484vFOZ87Go70umOMttgPCz_TVNgta1c7SpXL5XTv3-boos</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2870668182</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Postpartum Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</title><source>Publicly Available Content Database</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Arab, Suha ; Binmahfooz, Saleh ; Abualsaud, Renad M ; Basuliman, Alaa A ; Qurain, Roba ; AlSaidlani, Rawan H ; Alsharif, Shaker ; Alsaiari, Maha ; Awami, Hadeel</creator><creatorcontrib>Arab, Suha ; Binmahfooz, Saleh ; Abualsaud, Renad M ; Basuliman, Alaa A ; Qurain, Roba ; AlSaidlani, Rawan H ; Alsharif, Shaker ; Alsaiari, Maha ; Awami, Hadeel</creatorcontrib><description>BackgroundDiabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or abnormalities in cellular activity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prominent indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which develops in pregnant women whose pancreatic function is insufficient to control the insulin resistance associated with pregnancy. Moreover, it is the most common metabolic disorder, with the majority of cases beginning in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and affecting up to 25% of pregnant women.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to identify factors associated with postpartum T2DM screening in women with GDM at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between 2010 and 2022. The secondary objective was to assess the factors associated with providing information to the patients about the risks of increased blood glucose and postpartum lifestyle modification.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at KAUH to investigate potential factors associated with postpartum screening for T2DM. Out of 564 patients diagnosed with GDM between 2020 and 2022, we included 200 women aged over 18 years with a history of GDM, as they met the inclusion criteria for our study. Patients younger than 18 years with missing or incomplete baseline characteristics were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), and p-value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsA total of 200 postpartum women with GDM were included in this study. Their mean age was 35.02±5.2 years. Many of them had a family history of diabetes (83.0%) and a previous diagnosis of GDM (60.5%). The patients who performed glucose testing six weeks after birth were previously diagnosed with GDM (37.0%) or with a family history of diabetes (45.5%). The significant variables in this analysis were mothers having frequent postpartum hospital follow-up visits (P<0.001), mothers with gestational weight gain (P=0.018), those who were informed about the risks of increased blood glucose (P=0.011), and those who were informed about plans for postpartum glucose screening (P=0.002). The mothers with a previous history of GDM were the highest to be informed of the risks of elevated blood glucose.ConclusionFrequent postpartum hospital follow-up visits, gestational weight gain, knowledge of the risks of elevated blood sugar, and postpartum glucose screening plans were all associated with postpartum glucose testing rates among women with GDM in Saudi Arabia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2168-8184</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2168-8184</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44273</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Palo Alto: Cureus Inc</publisher><subject>Birth weight ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cesarean section ; Chromium ; Cross-sectional studies ; Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism ; Ethics ; Family income ; Family medical history ; Gestational age ; Gestational diabetes ; Glucose ; Hemoglobin ; Hospitals ; Hypothyroidism ; Insulin ; Internal Medicine ; Lifestyles ; Metabolism ; Obstetrics/Gynecology ; Pregnancy ; Questionnaires ; Sociodemographics ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA), 2023-08, Vol.15 (8), p.e44273-e44273</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2023, Arab et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023, Arab et al. 2023 Arab et al.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c277t-ed8729bfa8ae745277ccec302ad26556c949d13d643b3b6604629485453d76623</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2870668182/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2870668182?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,25734,27905,27906,36993,36994,44571,53772,53774,74875</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Arab, Suha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Binmahfooz, Saleh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abualsaud, Renad M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basuliman, Alaa A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qurain, Roba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>AlSaidlani, Rawan H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsharif, Shaker</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsaiari, Maha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Awami, Hadeel</creatorcontrib><title>Postpartum Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</title><title>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</title><description>BackgroundDiabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or abnormalities in cellular activity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prominent indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which develops in pregnant women whose pancreatic function is insufficient to control the insulin resistance associated with pregnancy. Moreover, it is the most common metabolic disorder, with the majority of cases beginning in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and affecting up to 25% of pregnant women.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to identify factors associated with postpartum T2DM screening in women with GDM at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between 2010 and 2022. The secondary objective was to assess the factors associated with providing information to the patients about the risks of increased blood glucose and postpartum lifestyle modification.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at KAUH to investigate potential factors associated with postpartum screening for T2DM. Out of 564 patients diagnosed with GDM between 2020 and 2022, we included 200 women aged over 18 years with a history of GDM, as they met the inclusion criteria for our study. Patients younger than 18 years with missing or incomplete baseline characteristics were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), and p-value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsA total of 200 postpartum women with GDM were included in this study. Their mean age was 35.02±5.2 years. Many of them had a family history of diabetes (83.0%) and a previous diagnosis of GDM (60.5%). The patients who performed glucose testing six weeks after birth were previously diagnosed with GDM (37.0%) or with a family history of diabetes (45.5%). The significant variables in this analysis were mothers having frequent postpartum hospital follow-up visits (P<0.001), mothers with gestational weight gain (P=0.018), those who were informed about the risks of increased blood glucose (P=0.011), and those who were informed about plans for postpartum glucose screening (P=0.002). The mothers with a previous history of GDM were the highest to be informed of the risks of elevated blood glucose.ConclusionFrequent postpartum hospital follow-up visits, gestational weight gain, knowledge of the risks of elevated blood sugar, and postpartum glucose screening plans were all associated with postpartum glucose testing rates among women with GDM in Saudi Arabia.</description><subject>Birth weight</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cesarean section</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism</subject><subject>Ethics</subject><subject>Family income</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Gestational age</subject><subject>Gestational diabetes</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Lifestyles</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Obstetrics/Gynecology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Sociodemographics</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>2168-8184</issn><issn>2168-8184</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNptkV1P2zAUhqMJpFWMu_0AS7vhgjDHduyYm6kqDKYVbVJBXFqOc9oaJXHwB1L5M_urS2k1McSVLfvRo3PeN8s-F_hMiFJ-NclDCmeMEUE_ZBNS8CqvioodvLp_zI5DeMAYF1gQLPAk-_PbhThoH1OHFsYD9LZfoaXz6HYzACLowuoaIgR0A21rYwpo2rkRuXcd9OjexjW6ghB1tK7X7Tu4jujn1jmtm9TqZ_uM7nr7BD7YuEHXLgw26vYcTdHMuxDyBZi9ahFTs_mUHS51G-B4fx5ld98vb2fX-fzX1Y_ZdJ4bIkTMoakEkfVSVxoEK8c3Y8BQTHRDeFlyI5lsCtpwRmtac44ZJ5JVJStpIzgn9Cj7tvMOqe6gMdBHr1s1eNtpv1FOW_X_T2_XauWeVIFLKrGsRsPJ3uDdYxojUZ0NZkxB9-BSUKQSBS-ZlHhEv7xBH1zy484vFOZ87Go70umOMttgPCz_TVNgta1c7SpXL5XTv3-boos</recordid><startdate>20230828</startdate><enddate>20230828</enddate><creator>Arab, Suha</creator><creator>Binmahfooz, Saleh</creator><creator>Abualsaud, Renad M</creator><creator>Basuliman, Alaa A</creator><creator>Qurain, Roba</creator><creator>AlSaidlani, Rawan H</creator><creator>Alsharif, Shaker</creator><creator>Alsaiari, Maha</creator><creator>Awami, Hadeel</creator><general>Cureus Inc</general><general>Cureus</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230828</creationdate><title>Postpartum Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</title><author>Arab, Suha ; Binmahfooz, Saleh ; Abualsaud, Renad M ; Basuliman, Alaa A ; Qurain, Roba ; AlSaidlani, Rawan H ; Alsharif, Shaker ; Alsaiari, Maha ; Awami, Hadeel</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c277t-ed8729bfa8ae745277ccec302ad26556c949d13d643b3b6604629485453d76623</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Birth weight</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cesarean section</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism</topic><topic>Ethics</topic><topic>Family income</topic><topic>Family medical history</topic><topic>Gestational age</topic><topic>Gestational diabetes</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Lifestyles</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Obstetrics/Gynecology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Sociodemographics</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Arab, Suha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Binmahfooz, Saleh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abualsaud, Renad M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basuliman, Alaa A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qurain, Roba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>AlSaidlani, Rawan H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsharif, Shaker</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsaiari, Maha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Awami, Hadeel</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Arab, Suha</au><au>Binmahfooz, Saleh</au><au>Abualsaud, Renad M</au><au>Basuliman, Alaa A</au><au>Qurain, Roba</au><au>AlSaidlani, Rawan H</au><au>Alsharif, Shaker</au><au>Alsaiari, Maha</au><au>Awami, Hadeel</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Postpartum Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</atitle><jtitle>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</jtitle><date>2023-08-28</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e44273</spage><epage>e44273</epage><pages>e44273-e44273</pages><issn>2168-8184</issn><eissn>2168-8184</eissn><abstract>BackgroundDiabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or abnormalities in cellular activity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prominent indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which develops in pregnant women whose pancreatic function is insufficient to control the insulin resistance associated with pregnancy. Moreover, it is the most common metabolic disorder, with the majority of cases beginning in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and affecting up to 25% of pregnant women.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to identify factors associated with postpartum T2DM screening in women with GDM at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between 2010 and 2022. The secondary objective was to assess the factors associated with providing information to the patients about the risks of increased blood glucose and postpartum lifestyle modification.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at KAUH to investigate potential factors associated with postpartum screening for T2DM. Out of 564 patients diagnosed with GDM between 2020 and 2022, we included 200 women aged over 18 years with a history of GDM, as they met the inclusion criteria for our study. Patients younger than 18 years with missing or incomplete baseline characteristics were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), and p-value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsA total of 200 postpartum women with GDM were included in this study. Their mean age was 35.02±5.2 years. Many of them had a family history of diabetes (83.0%) and a previous diagnosis of GDM (60.5%). The patients who performed glucose testing six weeks after birth were previously diagnosed with GDM (37.0%) or with a family history of diabetes (45.5%). The significant variables in this analysis were mothers having frequent postpartum hospital follow-up visits (P<0.001), mothers with gestational weight gain (P=0.018), those who were informed about the risks of increased blood glucose (P=0.011), and those who were informed about plans for postpartum glucose screening (P=0.002). The mothers with a previous history of GDM were the highest to be informed of the risks of elevated blood glucose.ConclusionFrequent postpartum hospital follow-up visits, gestational weight gain, knowledge of the risks of elevated blood sugar, and postpartum glucose screening plans were all associated with postpartum glucose testing rates among women with GDM in Saudi Arabia.</abstract><cop>Palo Alto</cop><pub>Cureus Inc</pub><doi>10.7759/cureus.44273</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Birth weight Cardiovascular disease Cesarean section Chromium Cross-sectional studies Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism Ethics Family income Family medical history Gestational age Gestational diabetes Glucose Hemoglobin Hospitals Hypothyroidism Insulin Internal Medicine Lifestyles Metabolism Obstetrics/Gynecology Pregnancy Questionnaires Sociodemographics Womens health |
| title | Postpartum Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study |
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