Molecular Investigation of the Antitumor Effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Cells

• Published in: BioMed research international 2023, Vol.2023 (1), p.2592691-2592691
• Main Authors: Alkhawaldeh, Aseel, Bardaweel, Sanaa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amine oxidase (flavin-containing); Anticancer properties; Antineoplastic drugs; Antitumor activity; Antitumor agents; Apoptosis; Assaying; Bcl-2 protein; Brain cancer; Breast cancer; Cancer therapies; Catalytic activity; Cell death; Cell migration; Cell proliferation; Cell size; Cell viability; Cells; Chemotherapy; Colonies; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Doxorubicin; Drug dosages; Enzymes; Estrogen receptors; Flow cytometry; Gene expression; Inhibitors; Lung cancer; Oxidase; Oxidative stress; Polymerase chain reaction; Prostate cancer; Raloxifene; Reactive oxygen species; Synergistic effect; Tumor cell lines; Tumorigenesis; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Wound healing
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2023/2592691

The catalytic activity of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) has been linked to tumorigenesis due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting oxidative stress. MAO-A inhibition revealed a beneficial role in prostate and lung cancer treatment. This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of different monoamine oxidase A inhibitors (MAO-AIs) on the proliferation and progression of breast cancer cell lines. The cell viability assay was used to evaluate the antiproliferative and combined effects of MAO-AIs. Cell migration was evaluated using wound healing, invasion, and colony formation assays. The underlying mechanism of cell death was studied using flow cytometry. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the relative gene expression. Finally, MAO-A activity in breast cancer cells was evaluated using an MAO-A activity assay. According to the results, the examined MAO-AIs significantly inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In breast cancer cells, the combination of anticancer drugs (doxorubicin or raloxifene) with MAO-AIs resulted in a synergistic effect. MAO-AIs significantly reduced wound closure and invasion ability in breast cancer cells. Also, MAO-AIs reduced the colony count and size of breast cancer cells. MAO-AIs resulted in significant proapoptotic activity in breast cancer cells. Finally, the MAO-AIs suppressed MAO-A, Bcl-2, and VEGF gene expressions in breast cancer cells relative to untreated cells. This study provides solid evidence supporting the anticancer effect of MAO-A inhibitors in breast cancer cells.