Exploring CAR-T Cell Therapy Side Effects: Mechanisms and Management Strategies

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies, especially hematological tumors, but toxicities have tempered its success. The main impediments to the development of CAR-T cell therapies are the following: cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune-effec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2023-09, Vol.12 (19), p.6124
Main Authors: Zhang, Yugu, Qin, Diyuan, Shou, Arthur Churchill, Liu, Yanbin, Wang, Yongsheng, Zhou, Lingyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Antigens
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical medicine
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
Edema
Hematology
Hypotension
Immunotherapy
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Neurotoxicity
Patient outcomes
Patients
Permeability
Prevention
Review
Testing
Toxicity
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies, especially hematological tumors, but toxicities have tempered its success. The main impediments to the development of CAR-T cell therapies are the following: cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune-effector-cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), and on-target/off-tumor toxicity (OTOT). This review summarizes these side effects' underlying mechanisms and manifestations over time. It provides potential prevention and treatment according to the consensus grading, stressing the significance of establishing strategies that anticipate, reduce, and navigate the beginning of these side effects. It is essential to fully comprehend the mechanisms underlying these toxicities to create efficient treatment and preventive approaches.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm12196124