Recent Advancements and Strategies for Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier Using Albumin-Based Drug Delivery Systems to Treat Brain Cancer, with a Focus on Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, and the most prevalent primary malignant tumor affecting the brain and central nervous system. Recent research indicates that the genetic profile of GBM makes it resistant to drugs and radiation. However, the main obstacle in trea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymers 2023-10, Vol.15 (19), p.3969
Main Authors: Tincu (Iurciuc), Camelia-Elena, Andrițoiu, Călin Vasile, Popa, Marcel, Ochiuz, Lăcrămioara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Albumin
Biocompatibility
Biological products
Biomedical materials
Blood-brain barrier
Brain cancer
Brain research
Brain tumors
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Central nervous system
Chemotherapy
Drug delivery systems
Drug dosages
Drugs
FDA approval
Glioblastoma multiforme
Lipids
Medical research
Nanoparticles
Permeability
Production costs
Proteins
Radiation tolerance
Review
Serum albumin
Toxicity
Tumors
Vehicles
Vincristine
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Summary:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, and the most prevalent primary malignant tumor affecting the brain and central nervous system. Recent research indicates that the genetic profile of GBM makes it resistant to drugs and radiation. However, the main obstacle in treating GBM is transporting drugs through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Albumin is a versatile biomaterial for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The efficiency of albumin-based delivery systems is determined by their ability to improve tumor targeting and accumulation. In this review, we will discuss the prevalence of human glioblastoma and the currently adopted treatment, as well as the structure and some essential functions of the BBB, to transport drugs through this barrier. We will also mention some aspects related to the blood–tumor brain barrier (BTBB) that lead to poor treatment efficacy. The properties and structure of serum albumin were highlighted, such as its role in targeting brain tumors, as well as the progress made until now regarding the techniques for obtaining albumin nanoparticles and their functionalization, in order to overcome the BBB and treat cancer, especially human glioblastoma. The albumin drug delivery nanosystems mentioned in this paper have improved properties and can overcome the BBB to target brain tumors.
ISSN:2073-4360
2073-4360
DOI:10.3390/polym15193969