Multiple Myeloma and the Role of Bisphosphonates in Its Management

An aberrant growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow characterizes the hematological neoplasm known as multiple myeloma, which is typically accompanied by increased bone pain and skeletal-related events such as pathological fractures and/or spinal cord compression. Changes in the bone marrow microe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2023-09, Vol.15 (9), p.e45270-e45270
Main Authors: Tanveer, Nida, Hussein, Sally, Pingili, Shravya, Makkena, Vijaya Krishna, Jaramillo, Arturo P, Awosusi, Babatope L, Ayyub, Javaria, Dabhi, Karan Nareshbhai, Gohil, Namra V, Hamid, Pousette
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Bisphosphonates
Bone diseases
Bone marrow
Cancer therapies
Creatinine
Cytokines
Drug dosages
Fractures
Growth factors
Hypercalcemia
Internal Medicine
Monoclonal antibodies
Multiple myeloma
Oral Medicine
Patients
Spinal cord
Therapeutics
Urine
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Summary:An aberrant growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow characterizes the hematological neoplasm known as multiple myeloma, which is typically accompanied by increased bone pain and skeletal-related events such as pathological fractures and/or spinal cord compression. Changes in the bone marrow microenvironment brought on by increased osteoclastic activity and/or decreased osteoblastic activity as a result of myeloma bone disease have a detrimental effect on quality of life. Bone-modifying medications such as bisphosphonates or denosumab are used to treat myeloma bone disease. These substances can lessen bone pain and the chance of pathological fracture, but they do not stimulate the growth of new bone or heal already damaged bone. In order to conduct this study, we searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases for complete free papers published in English and studied people over the previous five years, starting in 2018. The search covered randomized clinical trials (RCT), observational studies, meta-analyses, systemic reviews, and conventional reviews. Twenty-five publications are picked after using quality evaluation techniques to determine the type of study. These papers' full-text articles are investigated, examined, and tallied. We spoke about the various treatments for bone damage in multiple myeloma. It was discovered that bisphosphonates lessen the frequency and severity of bone problems. However, we are unsure of their contribution to survival.Although these medicines enhance life quality, it is unknown if they also increase overall survival. The focus of this study is on several kinds of bone-modifying drugs, their processes of action, the point at which therapy is started, how long it lasts, and any possible mortality advantages.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.45270