Immunohistochemical identification of T and B lymphocytes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of 53 avian species using commercial antibodies

Providing a method to detect avian lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry (IHC) would be helpful for analyzing immune function and diagnosing diseases in birds. In this study, we comprehensively examined the immunohistochemical identification of avian T and B lymphocytes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-emb...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 2023, Vol.85(10), pp.1121-1130
Main Authors: KUROKAWA, Aoi, YAMAMOTO, Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Avian Pathology
avian species
BLyS protein
CD20 antigen
CD3 antigen
Formaldehyde
Immune response
Immunohistochemistry
lymphocyte
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes B
Lymphocytes T
Paraffin
Pax5 protein
poultry
Species
wild bird
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Summary:Providing a method to detect avian lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry (IHC) would be helpful for analyzing immune function and diagnosing diseases in birds. In this study, we comprehensively examined the immunohistochemical identification of avian T and B lymphocytes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 53 avian species across 15 orders, using eight commercially available lymphocyte markers. T lymphocytes from all 53 avian species tested were specifically detected by IHC using the anti-CD3 antibody (clone F7.2.38). The appropriate antibody for detecting avian B lymphocytes in IHC varied depending on the avian species. B lymphocytes were specifically labeled by IHC in 46 of 53 avian species (86.8%) using any of seven B cell markers. The anti-PAX5 antibody (clone SP34) immunohistochemically detected B lymphocytes from the majority of avian species (41 out of 53 species), excluding those in the orders Falconiformes (falcons) and Passeriformes (oscines). The anti-BAFF-R antibody (clone 2C4) proved suitable for detecting B lymphocytes in the orders Galliformes (landfowls) and Anseriformes (waterfowls) in IHC. Caution is advised when using the anti-BLA36 (clone A27-42) and two anti-CD20 (clone L26 and product No. PA5-16701) antibodies, which are commonly used as B cell markers in mammals, for detecting avian B lymphocytes. These antibodies reacted with cells located in both T and B cell areas in certain avian species. The anti-Bu-1a/b (clone AV20) and anti-CD79a (clone HM57) antibodies were found not to bind to B lymphocytes in various avian species in IHC.
ISSN:0916-7250
1347-7439
DOI:10.1292/jvms.23-0255