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Evaluating the Association Between Sociodemographic and Health Variables With Baseline Concussion Testing in Young Athletes
Background: Baseline concussion testing can be helpful to perform when providing concussion care for young athletes. To appropriately interpret these data, it is important to understand how certain factors may affect concussion testing. Purpose: To examine the relationship of sociodemographic and he...
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Published in: | Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine 2023-12, Vol.11 (12), p.23259671231214222-23259671231214222 |
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creator | Kreitner, Liga Crowley, Eric Weaver, Amy Wi, Chung-Il Soma, David |
description | Background:
Baseline concussion testing can be helpful to perform when providing concussion care for young athletes. To appropriately interpret these data, it is important to understand how certain factors may affect concussion testing.
Purpose:
To examine the relationship of sociodemographic and health variables with baseline concussion testing in young athletes.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
High school and middle school athletes competing in sports or positions at high risk for concussion (football, soccer, ice hockey, wrestling, lacrosse, and pitchers/catchers in baseball/softball) during the 2020-2021 or 2021-2022 academic years completed annual baseline concussion testing and were included in the study. Baseline data included self-reported demographic and medical information, a graded symptom checklist, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, and the King-Devick test. A validated measure, HOUSES (HOUsing-based index of SocioEconomic Status), was used to determine participants’ socioeconomic status (SES) by linking personal address information to publicly available property data. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to analyze the relationship of concussion baseline testing to sociodemographic and health variables.
Results:
Among the eligible 2747 athletes (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.5 years; 73.6% male), the mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was 26.7 ± 2.0 and the mean best King-Devick test time was 50.3 ± 10.1 seconds. Higher baseline symptom severity scores were related to lower SES (P = .002). A lower (ie, poorer) mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was significantly associated with the following in the multivariable model: male sex (P < .001), younger age (P < .001), Black/African American race (P = .029), Hispanic ethnicity (P = .016), previous diagnosis of learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (P < .001), and lower SES (P = .003). A higher (ie, poorer) mean King-Devick test time was related to younger age, previous diagnosis of a learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and lower SES (all P < .001).
Conclusion:
Baseline concussion testing was found to be associated with certain sociodemographic variables and underlying health conditions in high school and middle school athletes. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1177/23259671231214222 |
format | article |
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Baseline concussion testing can be helpful to perform when providing concussion care for young athletes. To appropriately interpret these data, it is important to understand how certain factors may affect concussion testing.
Purpose:
To examine the relationship of sociodemographic and health variables with baseline concussion testing in young athletes.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
High school and middle school athletes competing in sports or positions at high risk for concussion (football, soccer, ice hockey, wrestling, lacrosse, and pitchers/catchers in baseball/softball) during the 2020-2021 or 2021-2022 academic years completed annual baseline concussion testing and were included in the study. Baseline data included self-reported demographic and medical information, a graded symptom checklist, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, and the King-Devick test. A validated measure, HOUSES (HOUsing-based index of SocioEconomic Status), was used to determine participants’ socioeconomic status (SES) by linking personal address information to publicly available property data. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to analyze the relationship of concussion baseline testing to sociodemographic and health variables.
Results:
Among the eligible 2747 athletes (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.5 years; 73.6% male), the mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was 26.7 ± 2.0 and the mean best King-Devick test time was 50.3 ± 10.1 seconds. Higher baseline symptom severity scores were related to lower SES (P = .002). A lower (ie, poorer) mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was significantly associated with the following in the multivariable model: male sex (P < .001), younger age (P < .001), Black/African American race (P = .029), Hispanic ethnicity (P = .016), previous diagnosis of learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (P < .001), and lower SES (P = .003). A higher (ie, poorer) mean King-Devick test time was related to younger age, previous diagnosis of a learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and lower SES (all P < .001).
Conclusion:
Baseline concussion testing was found to be associated with certain sociodemographic variables and underlying health conditions in high school and middle school athletes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2325-9671</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2325-9671</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/23259671231214222</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38090656</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Concussion ; Middle schools ; Original Research ; Sociodemographics ; Socioeconomic factors ; Sports medicine</subject><ispartof>Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2023-12, Vol.11 (12), p.23259671231214222-23259671231214222</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2023</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Non-Commercial – No Derivatives License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023 2023 SAGE Publications</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e0798905109075ec17e6e3974457c4cceaede579c9e11778c3cd4358a7b42c763</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10714889/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2904922887?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,21966,25753,27853,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,44945,45333,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38090656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kreitner, Liga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crowley, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weaver, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wi, Chung-Il</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soma, David</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluating the Association Between Sociodemographic and Health Variables With Baseline Concussion Testing in Young Athletes</title><title>Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine</title><addtitle>Orthop J Sports Med</addtitle><description>Background:
Baseline concussion testing can be helpful to perform when providing concussion care for young athletes. To appropriately interpret these data, it is important to understand how certain factors may affect concussion testing.
Purpose:
To examine the relationship of sociodemographic and health variables with baseline concussion testing in young athletes.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
High school and middle school athletes competing in sports or positions at high risk for concussion (football, soccer, ice hockey, wrestling, lacrosse, and pitchers/catchers in baseball/softball) during the 2020-2021 or 2021-2022 academic years completed annual baseline concussion testing and were included in the study. Baseline data included self-reported demographic and medical information, a graded symptom checklist, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, and the King-Devick test. A validated measure, HOUSES (HOUsing-based index of SocioEconomic Status), was used to determine participants’ socioeconomic status (SES) by linking personal address information to publicly available property data. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to analyze the relationship of concussion baseline testing to sociodemographic and health variables.
Results:
Among the eligible 2747 athletes (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.5 years; 73.6% male), the mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was 26.7 ± 2.0 and the mean best King-Devick test time was 50.3 ± 10.1 seconds. Higher baseline symptom severity scores were related to lower SES (P = .002). A lower (ie, poorer) mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was significantly associated with the following in the multivariable model: male sex (P < .001), younger age (P < .001), Black/African American race (P = .029), Hispanic ethnicity (P = .016), previous diagnosis of learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (P < .001), and lower SES (P = .003). A higher (ie, poorer) mean King-Devick test time was related to younger age, previous diagnosis of a learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and lower SES (all P < .001).
Conclusion:
Baseline concussion testing was found to be associated with certain sociodemographic variables and underlying health conditions in high school and middle school athletes.</description><subject>Concussion</subject><subject>Middle schools</subject><subject>Original Research</subject><subject>Sociodemographics</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><subject>Sports medicine</subject><issn>2325-9671</issn><issn>2325-9671</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFRWT</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc9vFCEUx0ljY5u2f4AXQ-LFy1ZgYICT2W6qNWnSg1XjibDM6w4NCyvM1Bj_eRm39odNufDe4_O-vC8g9IqSY0qlfMcaJnQrKWsoo5wxtoP2p9psKr54EO-ho1KuSV1KUN3Il2ivUUSTVrT76PfpjQ2jHXxc4aEHPC8lOV_zFPEJDD8BIv5cK6mDdVplu-m9wzZ2-AxsGHr81WZvlwEK_uZremILBB8BL1J0YymTzCWUv_I-4u9prMF86AMMUA7R7pUNBY5u9wP05cPp5eJsdn7x8dNifj5znOphBkRqpYmgdWYpwFEJLTRaci6k486BhQ6E1E7D9DDKNa7jjVBWLjlzsm0O0Put7mZcrqFzEIdsg9lkv7b5l0nWm8cn0fdmlW4MJZJypXRVeHurkNOPsfoxa18chGAjpLEYpgnTbUu1qOib_9DrNOZY_U0U14wpJStFt5TLqZQMV3fTUGImF-bJ99ae1w9t3HX8-8wKHG-BYldwf-3zin8A5H6uCw</recordid><startdate>20231201</startdate><enddate>20231201</enddate><creator>Kreitner, Liga</creator><creator>Crowley, Eric</creator><creator>Weaver, Amy</creator><creator>Wi, Chung-Il</creator><creator>Soma, David</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>AFRWT</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231201</creationdate><title>Evaluating the Association Between Sociodemographic and Health Variables With Baseline Concussion Testing in Young Athletes</title><author>Kreitner, Liga ; Crowley, Eric ; Weaver, Amy ; Wi, Chung-Il ; Soma, David</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e0798905109075ec17e6e3974457c4cceaede579c9e11778c3cd4358a7b42c763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Concussion</topic><topic>Middle schools</topic><topic>Original Research</topic><topic>Sociodemographics</topic><topic>Socioeconomic factors</topic><topic>Sports medicine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kreitner, Liga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crowley, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weaver, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wi, Chung-Il</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soma, David</creatorcontrib><collection>SAGE Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Proquest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest Publicly Available Content database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kreitner, Liga</au><au>Crowley, Eric</au><au>Weaver, Amy</au><au>Wi, Chung-Il</au><au>Soma, David</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluating the Association Between Sociodemographic and Health Variables With Baseline Concussion Testing in Young Athletes</atitle><jtitle>Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Orthop J Sports Med</addtitle><date>2023-12-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>23259671231214222</spage><epage>23259671231214222</epage><pages>23259671231214222-23259671231214222</pages><issn>2325-9671</issn><eissn>2325-9671</eissn><abstract>Background:
Baseline concussion testing can be helpful to perform when providing concussion care for young athletes. To appropriately interpret these data, it is important to understand how certain factors may affect concussion testing.
Purpose:
To examine the relationship of sociodemographic and health variables with baseline concussion testing in young athletes.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
High school and middle school athletes competing in sports or positions at high risk for concussion (football, soccer, ice hockey, wrestling, lacrosse, and pitchers/catchers in baseball/softball) during the 2020-2021 or 2021-2022 academic years completed annual baseline concussion testing and were included in the study. Baseline data included self-reported demographic and medical information, a graded symptom checklist, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, and the King-Devick test. A validated measure, HOUSES (HOUsing-based index of SocioEconomic Status), was used to determine participants’ socioeconomic status (SES) by linking personal address information to publicly available property data. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to analyze the relationship of concussion baseline testing to sociodemographic and health variables.
Results:
Among the eligible 2747 athletes (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.5 years; 73.6% male), the mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was 26.7 ± 2.0 and the mean best King-Devick test time was 50.3 ± 10.1 seconds. Higher baseline symptom severity scores were related to lower SES (P = .002). A lower (ie, poorer) mean Standardized Assessment of Concussion score was significantly associated with the following in the multivariable model: male sex (P < .001), younger age (P < .001), Black/African American race (P = .029), Hispanic ethnicity (P = .016), previous diagnosis of learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (P < .001), and lower SES (P = .003). A higher (ie, poorer) mean King-Devick test time was related to younger age, previous diagnosis of a learning disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and lower SES (all P < .001).
Conclusion:
Baseline concussion testing was found to be associated with certain sociodemographic variables and underlying health conditions in high school and middle school athletes.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>38090656</pmid><doi>10.1177/23259671231214222</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Concussion Middle schools Original Research Sociodemographics Socioeconomic factors Sports medicine |
title | Evaluating the Association Between Sociodemographic and Health Variables With Baseline Concussion Testing in Young Athletes |
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