Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis, Comorbidities, and Treatment Approaches

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder widely recognized for its recurrent obsessions and compulsions, which may cause severe impairment worldwide. This review explores the difficulties in diagnosing OCD, its comorbidities, and its treatment approaches. Psychiatry and neu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2023-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e48960-e48960
Main Authors: Singh, Abhimanyu, Anjankar, Vaibhav P, Sapkale, Bhagyesh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addictions
Addictive behaviors
Agoraphobia
Behavior
Chronic illnesses
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Comorbidity
Fear & phobias
Generalized anxiety disorder
Medical diagnosis
Medical Education
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental health
Neuroses
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Panic attacks
Pediatrics
Psychiatry
Psychology
Schizophrenia
Social anxiety
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Summary:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder widely recognized for its recurrent obsessions and compulsions, which may cause severe impairment worldwide. This review explores the difficulties in diagnosing OCD, its comorbidities, and its treatment approaches. Psychiatry and neuroscience face noteworthy obstacles in treating OCD, which is frequently misdiagnosed and inadequately addressed. This illness, which causes upsetting symptoms that interfere with day-to-day living, affects not only adults but also children and adolescents to a great extent. Despite the availability of multiple therapy methods, such as pharmacological and psychological approaches, many patients exhibit resistance, emphasizing the necessity for alternative therapies. OCD and other psychiatric conditions like bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder substantially overlap, highlighting the complexity of mental health diagnoses. Furthermore, its comorbidity with these diseases further highlights OCD's intricacy. Several therapy considerations have been mentioned, such as using larger dosages of medications and combining different therapeutic approaches. Their association suggests possible common pathogenic pathways between OCD and other psychiatric illnesses. The review concludes that, given the significant number of people who still struggle with chronic symptoms, new treatment techniques and ongoing research are necessary, even in the face of improvements in the understanding and treatment of OCD.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.48960