A Case of Immune-Related Aseptic Meningitis during Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are sometimes associated with immune-related adverse events during or after treatment. Among these, aseptic meningitis is a rare and serious complication. We report the first case of atezolizumab-induced aseptic meningitis, which occurred during tr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Case reports in gastroenterology 2024-01, Vol.18 (1), p.8-13
Main Authors: Kawanaka, Hiroki, Tajiri, Kazuto, Muraishi, Nozomu, Murayama, Aiko, Nukui, Takamasa, Yasuda, Ichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aseptic meningitis
atezolizumab
bevacizumab
Cancer therapies
Case reports
Consciousness
Encephalitis
Fever
Hepatitis
Herpes viruses
Immunotherapy
immure-related adverse event
Liver cancer
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Meningitis
Monoclonal antibodies
Patients
Proteins
Single Case
Steroids
Targeted cancer therapy
Tomography
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Viral infections
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Summary:Abstract Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are sometimes associated with immune-related adverse events during or after treatment. Among these, aseptic meningitis is a rare and serious complication. We report the first case of atezolizumab-induced aseptic meningitis, which occurred during treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Case Presentation: A 74-year-old woman diagnosed with advanced HCC and treated with first-line atezolizumab plus bevacizumab developed anorexia, fatigue, and fever, after three treatment cycles. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed slightly increased cell count and protein level but no infection or malignancy. Contrast enhancement along the cerebral sulcus was evident in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and the patient was diagnosed with aseptic meningitis associated with atezolizumab. Steroid therapy soon improved her clinical symptoms, and the contrast enhancement along the cerebral sulcus disappeared. Conclusion: Clinicians should monitor to avoid serious immune-related adverse events, such as aseptic meningitis, in patients during treatment of HCC with immune checkpoint inhibitors and make the diagnosis as soon as possible.
ISSN:1662-0631
1662-0631
DOI:10.1159/000535476