Regulation of Satellite Cells Functions during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration: A Critical Step in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process involving the generation of new myofibers after trauma, competitive physical activity, or disease. In this context, adult skeletal muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells (SCs), play a crucial role in regulating muscle tissue homeostasis and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-12, Vol.25 (1), p.512
Main Authors: Careccia, Giorgia, Mangiavini, Laura, Cirillo, Federica
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adult Stem Cells
Cachexia
Cell cycle
Denervation
Exercise
Fibroblasts
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypoxia
Inflammation
Muscle, Skeletal
Muscles
Muscular dystrophy
Musculoskeletal system
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Review
Stem cells
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Summary:Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process involving the generation of new myofibers after trauma, competitive physical activity, or disease. In this context, adult skeletal muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells (SCs), play a crucial role in regulating muscle tissue homeostasis and activating regeneration. Alterations in their number or function have been associated with various pathological conditions. The main factors involved in the dysregulation of SCs' activity are inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. This review critically summarizes the current knowledge on the role of SCs in skeletal muscle regeneration. It examines the changes in the activity of SCs in three of the most common and severe muscle disorders: sarcopenia, muscular dystrophy, and cancer cachexia. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in their dysregulations is essential for improving current treatments, such as exercise, and developing personalized approaches to reactivate SCs.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms25010512