Voluntary running wheel exercise induces cognitive improvement post traumatic brain injury in mouse model through redressing aberrant excitation regulated by voltage-gated sodium channels 1.1, 1.3, and 1.6

• Published in: Experimental brain research 2024-01, Vol.242 (1), p.205-224
• Main Authors: Wang, Dan, Zhang, Hui-Xiang, Yan, Guo-Ji, Zhao, Hao-Ran, Dong, Xiao-Han, Tan, Ya-Xin, Li, Shan, Lu, Min-Nan, Mei, Rong, Liu, Li-Na, Wang, Xu-Yang, Xiyang, Yan-Bin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal models; Animals; Anxiety; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Brain Injuries; Brain Injuries, Traumatic - complications; Brain Injuries, Traumatic - therapy; Cell viability; Channel gating; Cognition; Cognitive ability; Excitability; Humans; Mice; Neurology; Neuroprotection; Neurosciences; Physical training; Proteins; Quality of Life; Research Article; Sodium channels (voltage-gated); Traumatic brain injury; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels; Wheel running
• ISSN: 0014-4819; 1432-1106
• DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06734-2

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to disturbed brain discharge rhythm, elevated excitability, anxiety-like behaviors, and decreased learning and memory capabilities. Cognitive dysfunctions severely affect the quality of life and prognosis of TBI patients, requiring effective rehabilitation treatment. Evidence indicates that moderate exercise after brain injury decreases TBI-induced cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism remains unelucidated. Our results demonstrate that TBI causes cognitive impairment behavior abnormalities and overexpression of Nav1.1, Nav1.3 and Nav1.6 proteins inside the hippocampus of mice models. Three weeks of voluntary running wheel (RW) exercise treatments before or/and post-injury effectively redressed the aberrant changes caused by TBI. Additionally, a 10% exercise-conditioned medium helped recover cell viability, neuronal sodium current and expressions of Nav1.1, Nav1.3 and Nav1.6 proteins across cultured neurons after injury. Therefore, the results validate the neuroprotection induced by voluntary RW exercise treatment before or/and post-TBI. The RW exercise-induced improvement in cognitive behaviors and neuronal excitability could be associated with correcting the Nav1.1, Nav1.3, and Nav1.6 expression levels. The current study proves that voluntary exercise is an effective treatment strategy against TBI. The study also highlights novel potential targets for rehabilitating TBI, including the Navs proteins.