Secured cutting: controlling separase at the metaphase to anaphase transition

The final irreversible step in the duplication and distribution of genomes to daughter cells takes place at the metaphase to anaphase transition. At this point aligned sister chromatid pairs split and separate. During metaphase, cohesion between sister chromatids is maintained by the chromosomal mul...

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Published in:EMBO reports 2001-06, Vol.2 (6), p.487-492
Main Author: Uhlmann, Frank
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anaphase
Animals
Binding Sites
Cell Cycle Proteins - chemistry
Cell Cycle Proteins - physiology
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone
Chromosomes - chemistry
Cohesins
Fungal Proteins
Metaphase
Nuclear Proteins - chemistry
Phosphoproteins
Review
Reviews
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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description The final irreversible step in the duplication and distribution of genomes to daughter cells takes place at the metaphase to anaphase transition. At this point aligned sister chromatid pairs split and separate. During metaphase, cohesion between sister chromatids is maintained by the chromosomal multi‐subunit cohesin complex. Here, I review recent findings as to how anaphase is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of the Scc1 subunit of cohesin. Scc1 is cleaved by a site‐specific protease that is conserved in all eukaryotes, and is now called ‘separase’. As a result of this cleavage, the cohesin complex is destroyed, allowing the spindle to pull sister chromatids into opposite halves of the cell. Because of the final and irreversible nature of Scc1 cleavage, this reaction is tightly controlled. Several independent mechanisms seem to impose regulation on Scc1 cleavage, acting on both the activity of separase and the susceptibility of the substrate.
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subjects Anaphase
Animals
Binding Sites
Cell Cycle Proteins - chemistry
Cell Cycle Proteins - physiology
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone
Chromosomes - chemistry
Cohesins
Fungal Proteins
Metaphase
Nuclear Proteins - chemistry
Phosphoproteins
Review
Reviews
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
title Secured cutting: controlling separase at the metaphase to anaphase transition
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