Disparities in Multiple Myeloma Treatment Patterns in the United States: A Systematic Review

• Published in: Clinical lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia myeloma and leukemia, 2023-11, Vol.23 (11), p.e420-e427
• Main Authors: Gasoyan, Hamlet, Fiala, Mark A, Doering, Michelle, Vij, Ravi, Halpern, Michael, Colditz, Graham A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ethnicity; Health Expenditures; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Income; Multiple Myeloma - diagnosis; Multiple Myeloma - epidemiology; Multiple Myeloma - therapy; Socioeconomic Factors; United States - epidemiology
• ISSN: 2152-2650; 2152-2669; 2152-2669
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.08.008

We performed a systematic review of the literature investigating the demographic and insurance-related factors linked to disparities in multiple myeloma (MM) care patterns in the United States from 2003 to 2021. Forty-six observational studies were included. Disparities in MM care patterns were reported based on patient race in 76% of studies (34 out of 45 that captured race as a study variable), ethnicity in 60% (12 out of 20), insurance in 77% (17 out of 22), and distance from treating facility, urbanicity, or geographic region in 62% (13 out of 21). A smaller proportion of studies identified disparities in MM care patterns based on other socioeconomic characteristics, with 36% (9 out of 25) identifying disparities based on income estimate or employment status and 43% (6 out of 14) based on language barrier or education-related factors. Sociodemographic characteristics are frequently associated with disparities in care for individuals diagnosed with MM. There is a need for further research regarding modifiable determinants to accessing care such as insurance plan design, patient out-of-pocket costs, preauthorization criteria, as well as social determinants of health. This information can be used to develop actionable strategies for reducing MM health disparities and enhancing timely and high-quality MM care.