Amiodarone-Induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis in a Decompensated Heart Failure Patient: A Case Report

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a small-vessel vasculitis characterized by inflammation and damage to the walls of small blood vessels. It typically presents with palpable purpura and can be associated with various systemic conditions. Although its etiology is diverse, LCV has been associated w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-01, Vol.16 (1), p.e51817
Main Authors: Asfeen, Ummul, Raj, Rohan, Ezeafulukwe, Chinedu J, Hassan, Omar A, Francis, Deepa Treesa, Dhillon, Sukhmeet S, Khan, Aadil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergy/Immunology
Antiarrhythmics
Blood pressure
Blood vessels
Cardiac arrhythmia
Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease
Case reports
Dyspnea
Edema
Ejection fraction
Electrocardiography
Heart failure
Heart transplants
Hypertension
Immunotherapy
Infections
Influenza
Internal Medicine
Ischemia
Kinases
Lupus
Patients
Urinalysis
Vaccines
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Summary:Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a small-vessel vasculitis characterized by inflammation and damage to the walls of small blood vessels. It typically presents with palpable purpura and can be associated with various systemic conditions. Although its etiology is diverse, LCV has been associated with systemic diseases, infections, medications, and autoimmune disorders. Here, we present a case of LCV in a patient with decompensated heart failure. A 58-year-old man presented with progressively deteriorating swelling in both his lower limbs and scrotum, a persistent dry cough associated with minor ulcerative lesions on his shins, and a patchy rash with pustules and flat reddish spots. He was hospitalized three days prior due to atrial fibrillation and rapid ventricular rate, for which he was commenced on amiodarone. This rash persisted for three days, yet he denied experiencing any discomfort or itchiness along with it. Based on his clinical picture, laboratory evaluations, and imaging findings, he was diagnosed with LCV induced by amiodarone.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.51817