Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) and the Uncommon Sequela: Mesial Temporal Sclerosis

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is often linked to conditions like hypertension and is characterized by reversible brain edema. The development of mesial temporal sclerosis as a consequence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an uncommon clinical outcome.  We report a 48-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-01, Vol.16 (1), p.e52380
Main Authors: Mengstu, Abraham, Chakko, Mathew N, Salisbury, Blake, Fateh, Jibran
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anemia
Antibiotics
Atrophy
Blood pressure
Convulsions & seizures
Diagnostic tests
Edema
Endocarditis
Endoscopy
Females
Headaches
Hypertension
Infectious diseases
Iron
Ischemia
Medical imaging
Neuroimaging
Neurology
Neurosurgery
Radiology
Rehabilitation
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Summary:Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is often linked to conditions like hypertension and is characterized by reversible brain edema. The development of mesial temporal sclerosis as a consequence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an uncommon clinical outcome.  We report a 48-year-old female who initially presented with severe iron deficiency anemia, hypertension, and septic tenosynovitis requiring surgical drainage with subsequent development of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome accompanied by endocarditis. Although there was a question of one seizure episode during one of her hospital days, the patient experienced multiple seizure episodes three months after she left the hospital. Subsequent MRI demonstrated atrophy of the left mesial temporal lobe suggesting mesial temporal sclerosis.  The temporal development of mesial temporal sclerosis in a patient with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome highlights mesial temporal sclerosis as a potential long-term consequence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and the need for imaging surveillance in patients diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.52380