Vibrio fischeri : a model for host-associated biofilm formation

Multicellular communities of adherent bacteria known as biofilms are often detrimental in the context of a human host, making it important to study their formation and dispersal, especially in animal models. One such model is the symbiosis between the squid and the bacterium . Juvenile squid hatch a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of bacteriology 2024-02, Vol.206 (2), p.e0037023
Main Authors: Fung, Brittany L, Esin, Jeremy J, Visick, Karen L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adhesins, Bacterial
Aliivibrio fischeri - metabolism
Animal models
Animals
Bacteria
Bacterial Proteins - genetics
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
Biofilms
Cellulose
Decapodiformes - microbiology
Dispersal
Dispersion
Extracellular matrix
Humans
Microbial Genetics
Minireview
Polysaccharides
Saccharides
Seawater
Squid
Symbiosis
Vibrio fischeri
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Summary:Multicellular communities of adherent bacteria known as biofilms are often detrimental in the context of a human host, making it important to study their formation and dispersal, especially in animal models. One such model is the symbiosis between the squid and the bacterium . Juvenile squid hatch aposymbiotically and selectively acquire their symbiont from natural seawater containing diverse environmental microbes. Successful pairing is facilitated by ciliary movements that direct bacteria to quiet zones on the surface of the squid's symbiotic light organ where forms a small aggregate or biofilm. Subsequently, the bacteria disperse from that aggregate to enter the organ, ultimately reaching and colonizing deep crypt spaces. Although transient, aggregate formation is critical for optimal colonization and is tightly controlled. studies have identified a variety of polysaccharides and proteins that comprise the extracellular matrix. Some of the most well-characterized matrix factors include the symbiosis polysaccharide (SYP), cellulose polysaccharide, and LapV adhesin. In this review, we discuss these components, their regulation, and other less understood biofilm contributors. We also highlight what is currently known about dispersal from these aggregates and host cues that may promote it. Finally, we briefly describe discoveries gleaned from the study of other isolates. By unraveling the complexities involved in 's control over matrix components, we may begin to understand how the host environment triggers transient biofilm formation and dispersal to promote this unique symbiotic relationship.
ISSN:0021-9193
1098-5530
1098-5530
DOI:10.1128/jb.00370-23