A Plant-Based Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Score Correlates with Serum LDL-Cholesterol Levels

A cholesterol-lowering diet score was previously developed for epidemiological studies; its association with serum lipid profile was not confirmed yet. The score was developed as an adaptation of the dietary portfolio for cholesterol reduction, assigning one point for adherence to seven dietary indi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-02, Vol.16 (4), p.495
Main Authors: Polesel, Jerry, Di Maso, Matteo, Esposito, Giovanna, Vitale, Sara, Palumbo, Elvira, Porciello, Giuseppe, Calabrese, Ilaria, Minopoli, Anita, Grilli, Bruna, Cavalcanti, Ernesta, Serraino, Diego, Celentano, Egidio, Jenkins, David J A, Augustin, Livia S A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body mass index
Breast cancer
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, LDL
Clinical trials
Diet
Diet, Healthy
Diet, Mediterranean
Dietary fiber
Exercise
Fatty acids
Female
Food
High density lipoprotein
Humans
Lipids
Low density lipoprotein
Prostate cancer
Regression analysis
Triglycerides
Vitamin D
Womens health
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Summary:A cholesterol-lowering diet score was previously developed for epidemiological studies; its association with serum lipid profile was not confirmed yet. The score was developed as an adaptation of the dietary portfolio for cholesterol reduction, assigning one point for adherence to seven dietary indicators and ranging from 0 (null adherence) to 7 (highest adherence). The score was calculated for breast cancer patients enrolled in the DEDiCa study using a 7-day food record; serum lipid profile, including total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), was evaluated in serum at baseline. Patients with the highest adherence to the cholesterol-lowering diet (i.e., score ≥ 4) reported lower LDL-C level than women with score 0-1 (median: 107 mg/dL and 122 mg/dL, respectively; < 0.01). The proportion of women with LDL-C above the recommended limit of 116 mg/dL was 60.0% with score 0-1 and 42.6% with score ≥4. Although the score directly correlates with consumption of foods from vegetal sources, it was mildly associated with the healthful plant-based diet index (r-Spearman = 0.51) and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (r-Spearman = 0.30) Conclusions: These results provide experimental evidence that the cholesterol-lowering diet score is capable of detecting a specific plant-based dietary pattern that affects circulating cholesterol levels.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16040495