Current and Emerging Radiotherapy Options for Uveal Melanoma

What treatment options are there for patients having uveal melanoma? A randomized, prospective, multi-institutional clinical trial (COMS) showed no difference in survival between brachytherapy and enucleation for medium-sized lesions. With the obvious benefit of retaining the eye, brachytherapy has...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2024-03, Vol.16 (5), p.1074
Main Authors: Semeniuk, Oleksii, Yu, Esther, Rivard, Mark J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anesthesia
Brachytherapy
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Enucleation
Glaucoma
Hemorrhage
Medical prognosis
Melanoma
Metastasis
Mutation
Optic nerve
Pathogenesis
Patients
Photons
Protons
Radiation therapy
Radioisotope brachytherapy
Radioisotopes
Radiosurgery
Retinal detachment
Review
Seeds
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
Citations: Items that this one cites
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Description
Summary:What treatment options are there for patients having uveal melanoma? A randomized, prospective, multi-institutional clinical trial (COMS) showed no difference in survival between brachytherapy and enucleation for medium-sized lesions. With the obvious benefit of retaining the eye, brachytherapy has flourished and many different approaches have been developed such as low-dose-rate sources using alternate low-energy photon-emitting radionuclides, different plaque designs and seed-loading techniques, high-dose-rate brachytherapy sources and applicators, and low- and high-dose-rate beta-emitting sources and applicators. There also have been developments of other radiation modalities like external-beam radiotherapy using linear accelerators with high-energy photons, particle accelerators for protons, and gamma stereotactic radiosurgery. This article examines the dosimetric properties, targeting capabilities, and outcomes of these approaches. The several modalities examined herein have differing attributes and it may be that no single approach would be considered optimal for all patients and all lesion characteristics.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers16051074