Effect of Infliximab on Chronic Progressive Neuro-Behçet's Disease: Influence of the Timing of Introduction on the Patient Outcome

• Published in: Internal Medicine 2024/02/15, Vol.63(4), pp.481-486
• Main Authors: Hirohata, Shunsei, Kikuchi, Hirotoshi, Sawada, Tetsuji, Kuwana, Masataka, Kawachi, Izumi, Kirino, Yohei, Ishigatsubo, Yoshiaki, Takeno, Mitsuhiro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Behcet Syndrome - drug therapy; Behcet's syndrome; Behçet's disease; Chronic Disease; Classification; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Infliximab - therapeutic use; Male; management; Methotrexate; Methotrexate - therapeutic use; Monoclonal antibodies; neurological involvement; Original; prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Rheumatoid arthritis; Standard deviation; Treatment Outcome; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Vein & artery diseases
• ISSN: 0918-2918; 1349-7235
• DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1969-23

Objectives Chronic progressive neuro-Behcet's disease (CPNB) is characterized by progressive deterioration leading to disability. Methotrexate (MTX) has been shown to have beneficial effects on CPNB. However, while infliximab has been found to be effective for patients with inadequate responses to MTX, the appropriate timing for the introduction of infliximab remains unclear. We explored the effects of intervals before the introduction of infliximab on the functional outcome. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for patients with CPNB who received infliximab and were followed up until October 2015. Functional disability was rated by the Steinbrocker functional classification as used in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlations between the outcomes and intervals before the introduction of infliximab were then analyzed by Spearman's rank correlation test. Patients Eleven patients with CPNB [8 men, 3 women, age 35.2±9.3 years old (mean±standard deviation)] who met the international classification criteria for Behcet's disease were included. Results All 11 patients had received MTX prior to infliximab. The intervals from the onset to the introduction of infliximab and the follow-up periods were 26.6±35.1 months and 65.2±43.6 months [mean±standard deviation], respectively. Among the 11 patients, 2 still showed progression after the introduction of infliximab. The functional disability grades after infliximab treatment were significantly correlated with the intervals from the onset of CPNB to the introduction of infliximab (r=0.6177, p=0.0476). Conclusion The results indicate that the delayed introduction of infliximab leads to irreversible functional disability in CPNB. Thus, it is recommended that infliximab be administered as soon as possible for CPNB patients with inadequate responses to MTX.