Lymphoid cell development from fetal hematopoietic progenitors and human pluripotent stem cells

Summary Lymphoid cells encompass the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells and Natural killer T cells (NKT), and innate immune cells (ILCs), including Natural Killer (NK) cells. During adult life, these lineages are thought to derive from the differentiation of long‐term hematopoietic stem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunological reviews 2023-05, Vol.315 (1), p.154-170
Main Authors: Sun, Shicheng, Wijanarko, Kevin, Liani, Oniko, Strumila, Kathleen, Ng, Elizabeth S., Elefanty, Andrew G., Stanley, Edouard G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive systems
Adult
Bone marrow
Cell culture
Cell Differentiation
Differentiation
Embryogenesis
Embryonic growth stage
fetal lymphopoiesis
Fetuses
Gene sequencing
Hematopoiesis
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Hemopoiesis
Humans
immune ontogeny
Immune system
In vivo methods and tests
Invited Review
Invited Reviews
Killer Cells, Natural
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes B
Lymphocytes T
Lymphoid cells
Natural killer cells
Ontogeny
Pluripotency
Pluripotent Stem Cells
Progenitor cells
PSC differentiation
RAG genes
Stem cells
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Summary:Summary Lymphoid cells encompass the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells and Natural killer T cells (NKT), and innate immune cells (ILCs), including Natural Killer (NK) cells. During adult life, these lineages are thought to derive from the differentiation of long‐term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) residing in the bone marrow. However, during embryogenesis and fetal development, the ontogeny of lymphoid cells is both complex and multifaceted, with a large body of evidence suggesting that lymphoid lineages arise from progenitor cell populations antedating the emergence of HSCs. Recently, the application of single cell RNA‐sequencing technologies and pluripotent stem cell‐based developmental models has provided new insights into lymphoid ontogeny during embryogenesis. Indeed, PSC differentiation platforms have enabled de novo generation of lymphoid immune cells independently of HSCs, supporting conclusions drawn from the study of hematopoiesis in vivo. Here, we examine lymphoid development from non‐HSC progenitor cells and technological advances in the differentiation of human lymphoid cells from pluripotent stem cells for clinical translation.
ISSN:0105-2896
1600-065X
DOI:10.1111/imr.13197