Nd:YAG Laser Hyaloidotomy: A Therapeutic Approach for Valsalva Premacular Hemorrhage

Subhyaloid hemorrhage, characterized by localized vitreoretinal detachment due to blood accumulation, often results in sudden vision loss, especially in the macular area. This case report highlights a 23-year-old female presenting with exercise-related Valsalva retinopathy leading to premacular subh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-03, Vol.16 (3), p.e56872
Main Authors: Hernández-Emanuelli, Miguel E, Echegaray, Jose J, Emanuelli, Andres
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood vessels
Healthcare Technology
Hematology
Hemorrhage
Lasers
Medical Education
Ophthalmology
Retina
Visual acuity
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Summary:Subhyaloid hemorrhage, characterized by localized vitreoretinal detachment due to blood accumulation, often results in sudden vision loss, especially in the macular area. This case report highlights a 23-year-old female presenting with exercise-related Valsalva retinopathy leading to premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage. The patient underwent neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser hyaloidotomy, a non-invasive procedure, leading to rapid blood drainage and visual recovery. The patient's initial visual acuity was severely impaired, with a significant premacular hemorrhage obscuring the macula. A week later, due to the expanding hemorrhage, Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy was performed, demonstrating successful blood dispersion and restoration of vision. Follow-up revealed significant improvement with demarcation of the previous hemorrhage and no evidence of new findings. The case emphasizes the importance of prompt intervention and considers alternative treatments for premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage. While associated with ocular pathologies, such as macular holes and retinal detachment, Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy remains a safe and effective outpatient procedure for managing premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage, avoiding the risks of more invasive surgical interventions. The presented case highlights the significance of tailored interventions based on patient history, minimizing the need for invasive procedures and their associated risks.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.56872