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Characterization of Thyroid Cancer among Hispanics in California, USA, from 2010 to 2020
Previous studies on Hispanic thyroid cancer cases show sex disparities and an increased prevalence of large tumor sizes and nodal involvement. Here, we characterized Hispanic thyroid cancer cases in California. We identified thyroid cancer cases from 2010 to 2020 using the California Cancer Registry...
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| Published in: | Cancers 2024-03, Vol.16 (6), p.1101 |
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| container_issue | 6 |
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| container_title | Cancers |
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| creator | Hsu, Robert C Tsai, Kai-Ya Benjamin, David J Chennapan, Krithika Wojcik, Katherine Y Lee, Alice W Thomas, Jacob S Nieva, Jorge J Liu, Lihua |
| description | Previous studies on Hispanic thyroid cancer cases show sex disparities and an increased prevalence of large tumor sizes and nodal involvement. Here, we characterized Hispanic thyroid cancer cases in California.
We identified thyroid cancer cases from 2010 to 2020 using the California Cancer Registry by sex, race/ethnicity, histology, TNM stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and Charlson comorbidity score. The age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) and age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) for all causes of death were calculated. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the mortality risk from all causes of death by race.
Overall, 56,838 thyroid cancer cases were identified, including 29.75% in Hispanics. Hispanics had the highest female-to-male incidence rate ratio (IRR 3.54) and the highest prevalence of T3/T4 tumor size (28.71%), the highest N1 nodal status (32.69%), and the highest AAMR (0.79 per 100,000 people). After adjusting for demographic and tumor covariates, compared to non-Hispanic White people, Hispanic ethnicity, with an HR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.18-1.25,
< 0.0001), remained a significant independent contributor to mortality risk.
Hispanics had the greatest female-to-male IRR ratio, a greater prevalence of advanced disease features at diagnosis, along with the highest AAMR and increased mortality risk despite adjustments for demographic and tumor covariates. Further investigation into other risk factors is needed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/cancers16061101 |
| format | article |
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We identified thyroid cancer cases from 2010 to 2020 using the California Cancer Registry by sex, race/ethnicity, histology, TNM stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and Charlson comorbidity score. The age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) and age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) for all causes of death were calculated. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the mortality risk from all causes of death by race.
Overall, 56,838 thyroid cancer cases were identified, including 29.75% in Hispanics. Hispanics had the highest female-to-male incidence rate ratio (IRR 3.54) and the highest prevalence of T3/T4 tumor size (28.71%), the highest N1 nodal status (32.69%), and the highest AAMR (0.79 per 100,000 people). After adjusting for demographic and tumor covariates, compared to non-Hispanic White people, Hispanic ethnicity, with an HR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.18-1.25,
< 0.0001), remained a significant independent contributor to mortality risk.
Hispanics had the greatest female-to-male IRR ratio, a greater prevalence of advanced disease features at diagnosis, along with the highest AAMR and increased mortality risk despite adjustments for demographic and tumor covariates. Further investigation into other risk factors is needed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6694</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6694</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/cancers16061101</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38539437</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Age ; Analysis ; Cancer ; Cancer therapies ; Censuses ; Codes ; Comorbidity ; Demographics ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Ethnicity ; Females ; Health care access ; Hispanic people ; Lymph nodes ; Lymphatic system ; Males ; Metastasis ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Mortality ; Oncology, Experimental ; Pacific Islander people ; Population studies ; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ; Radiation ; Risk factors ; Socioeconomic factors ; Socioeconomic status ; Statistical analysis ; Thyroid cancer ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroxine ; Triiodothyronine ; Tumors ; White people</subject><ispartof>Cancers, 2024-03, Vol.16 (6), p.1101</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-18d37b56eaab3fb77489202564aaecde165ffd326998c9c1f9693d44ea5609563</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3957-6106 ; 0000-0001-8756-7066 ; 0009-0002-7078-4114</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2996469851/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2996469851?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,25732,27903,27904,36991,36992,44569,53769,53771,74872</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38539437$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hsu, Robert C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsai, Kai-Ya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benjamin, David J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chennapan, Krithika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wojcik, Katherine Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Alice W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Jacob S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nieva, Jorge J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Lihua</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of Thyroid Cancer among Hispanics in California, USA, from 2010 to 2020</title><title>Cancers</title><addtitle>Cancers (Basel)</addtitle><description>Previous studies on Hispanic thyroid cancer cases show sex disparities and an increased prevalence of large tumor sizes and nodal involvement. Here, we characterized Hispanic thyroid cancer cases in California.
We identified thyroid cancer cases from 2010 to 2020 using the California Cancer Registry by sex, race/ethnicity, histology, TNM stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and Charlson comorbidity score. The age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) and age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) for all causes of death were calculated. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the mortality risk from all causes of death by race.
Overall, 56,838 thyroid cancer cases were identified, including 29.75% in Hispanics. Hispanics had the highest female-to-male incidence rate ratio (IRR 3.54) and the highest prevalence of T3/T4 tumor size (28.71%), the highest N1 nodal status (32.69%), and the highest AAMR (0.79 per 100,000 people). After adjusting for demographic and tumor covariates, compared to non-Hispanic White people, Hispanic ethnicity, with an HR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.18-1.25,
< 0.0001), remained a significant independent contributor to mortality risk.
Hispanics had the greatest female-to-male IRR ratio, a greater prevalence of advanced disease features at diagnosis, along with the highest AAMR and increased mortality risk despite adjustments for demographic and tumor covariates. Further investigation into other risk factors is needed.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Censuses</subject><subject>Codes</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Health care access</subject><subject>Hispanic people</subject><subject>Lymph nodes</subject><subject>Lymphatic system</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Oncology, Experimental</subject><subject>Pacific Islander people</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomic status</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Thyroid cancer</subject><subject>Thyroidectomy</subject><subject>Thyroxine</subject><subject>Triiodothyronine</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>White people</subject><issn>2072-6694</issn><issn>2072-6694</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1vGyEQhlHUKo5Sn3urkHrpIXZgYWE5VZbVxpEs9ZBE6g2NWbCxdsGFdST315d8NokCh0HM876jgUHoMyVTxhQ5NxCMTZkKIigl9AidVERWEyEU__DiPELjnLekLMaoFPIYjVhTM8WZPEG_5xtIYAab_F8YfAw4Ony9OaToWzy_L4Chj2GNFz7vIHiTsQ8l03kXU_Bwhm-uZmfYpdjjilCCh1hiRT6hjw66bMeP8RTd_PxxPV9Mlr8uLuez5cRwzoYJbVomV7WwACvmVlLyRhV5LTiANa2lonauZZVQqjHKUKeEYi3nFmpBVC3YKfr-4Lvbr3rbGhuGBJ3eJd9DOugIXr_OBL_R63irKSlWhMvi8O3RIcU_e5sH3ftsbNdBsHGfNSOUl7crbEG_vkG3cZ9C6U9XSgkuVFPT_9QaOqt9cLEUNnemeiabpuKFqws1fYcqu7W9NzFY58v9K8H5g8CkmHOy7rlJSvTdQOg3A1EUX16-zTP_9P3sH3S9roU</recordid><startdate>20240308</startdate><enddate>20240308</enddate><creator>Hsu, Robert C</creator><creator>Tsai, Kai-Ya</creator><creator>Benjamin, David J</creator><creator>Chennapan, Krithika</creator><creator>Wojcik, Katherine Y</creator><creator>Lee, Alice W</creator><creator>Thomas, Jacob S</creator><creator>Nieva, Jorge J</creator><creator>Liu, Lihua</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-6106</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-7066</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7078-4114</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240308</creationdate><title>Characterization of Thyroid Cancer among Hispanics in California, USA, from 2010 to 2020</title><author>Hsu, Robert C ; 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Here, we characterized Hispanic thyroid cancer cases in California.
We identified thyroid cancer cases from 2010 to 2020 using the California Cancer Registry by sex, race/ethnicity, histology, TNM stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and Charlson comorbidity score. The age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) and age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) for all causes of death were calculated. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the mortality risk from all causes of death by race.
Overall, 56,838 thyroid cancer cases were identified, including 29.75% in Hispanics. Hispanics had the highest female-to-male incidence rate ratio (IRR 3.54) and the highest prevalence of T3/T4 tumor size (28.71%), the highest N1 nodal status (32.69%), and the highest AAMR (0.79 per 100,000 people). After adjusting for demographic and tumor covariates, compared to non-Hispanic White people, Hispanic ethnicity, with an HR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.18-1.25,
< 0.0001), remained a significant independent contributor to mortality risk.
Hispanics had the greatest female-to-male IRR ratio, a greater prevalence of advanced disease features at diagnosis, along with the highest AAMR and increased mortality risk despite adjustments for demographic and tumor covariates. Further investigation into other risk factors is needed.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>38539437</pmid><doi>10.3390/cancers16061101</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-6106</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-7066</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7078-4114</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age Analysis Cancer Cancer therapies Censuses Codes Comorbidity Demographics Demography Diagnosis Ethnicity Females Health care access Hispanic people Lymph nodes Lymphatic system Males Metastasis Minority & ethnic groups Mortality Oncology, Experimental Pacific Islander people Population studies Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Radiation Risk factors Socioeconomic factors Socioeconomic status Statistical analysis Thyroid cancer Thyroidectomy Thyroxine Triiodothyronine Tumors White people |
| title | Characterization of Thyroid Cancer among Hispanics in California, USA, from 2010 to 2020 |
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