A Prospective Study on Neural Biomarkers in Patients with Long-COVID Symptoms

this prospective observational study aims to assess serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), s100b, and total Tau in long-COVID patients, exploring correlations with symptoms, cognitive decline, mental health, and quality of life. Long-COVID patients visiting our outpatient clinic (Fe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personalized medicine 2024-03, Vol.14 (3), p.313
Main Authors: Vrettou, Charikleia S, Vassiliou, Alice G, Keskinidou, Chrysi, Mourelatos, Panagiotis, Asimakos, Andreas, Spetsioti, Stavroula, Diamantopoulos, Aristidis, Jahaj, Edison, Antonoglou, Archontoula, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Vassiliadi, Dimitra A, Kotanidou, Anastasia, Dimopoulou, Ioanna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety
Biomarkers
Care and treatment
Cognitive ability
COVID-19
Depression, Mental
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Mental depression
Mental health
Nervous system
Population studies
Post traumatic stress disorder
Quality of life
S100b protein
Serum levels
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Summary:this prospective observational study aims to assess serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), s100b, and total Tau in long-COVID patients, exploring correlations with symptoms, cognitive decline, mental health, and quality of life. Long-COVID patients visiting our outpatient clinic (February 2021-December 2022) were screened alongside age- and sex-matched controls. GFAP, s100b, and total Tau in serum were measured with ELISA. Cognitive function, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and quality of life were evaluated using MoCA, HADS (depression and anxiety), IES-R, and SF-36, respectively. Sixty-five long-COVID patients and 20 controls were included. GFAP levels were significantly higher in long-COVID patients ( = 0.031), though not correlating with the presence of long-COVID symptoms. S100b and total Tau showed no significant differences between patients and controls. Nervous system-related symptoms were reported in 47% of patients. High rates of cognitive decline (65.9%), depression (32.2%), anxiety (47.5%), and post-traumatic stress disorder (44.1%) were observed. Over 80% of the study population scored below normative cutoffs for SF-36, indicating a significant impact on quality of life. in this long-COVID cohort with substantial psychological and cognitive symptoms, GFAP levels were elevated compared to controls, though not correlating with the presence of long-COVID symptoms.
ISSN:2075-4426
2075-4426
DOI:10.3390/jpm14030313