Aplastic Anaemia in Pregnancy: A Case-Based Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Aplastic anaemia (AA) is a rare and life-threatening haematologic disorder characterised by pancytopenia and bone marrow failure. Its occurrence during pregnancy is exceedingly rare, posing significant risks and management challenges for both the mother and the foetus. We present here the case of a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-04, Vol.16 (4), p.e58365
Main Authors: Perolla, Adela, Cela, Blerina, Semanaj, Valentina, Dedej-Kurti, Teuta, Caja, Tatjana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anemia
Biopsy
Blood
Blood platelets
Bone marrow
Cell growth
Ehrlich, Paul
Females
Hematology
Infections
Internal Medicine
Obstetrics/Gynecology
Pathophysiology
Pregnancy
Stem cells
Viral infections
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Summary:Aplastic anaemia (AA) is a rare and life-threatening haematologic disorder characterised by pancytopenia and bone marrow failure. Its occurrence during pregnancy is exceedingly rare, posing significant risks and management challenges for both the mother and the foetus. We present here the case of a 23-year-old female, six months pregnant, diagnosed with severe aplastic anaemia (AA), aiming to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management considerations of AA in pregnancy. Our case underscores the critical nature of considering aplastic anaemia in differential diagnosis for pregnant patients presenting with unexplained pancytopenia. Based on that, we performed a comprehensive literature review of the past 20 years of papers published in the English language identified through searches in PubMed, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Embase and the Cochrane Library, to provide an in-depth analysis of the current understanding of AA in pregnancy. We emphasise the necessity for cautious yet thorough investigation in such cases to avoid complications in both maternal and foetal health, focusing attention on the need for further research into safe and effective treatment protocols for managing AA in pregnancy, given the complexities introduced by the condition and its treatment on pregnancy outcomes.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.58365