Cost-effectiveness of Prefusion F Protein-based Vaccines Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease for Older Adults in the United States

• Published in: Clinical infectious diseases 2024-05, Vol.78 (5), p.1328-1335
• Main Authors: Moghadas, Seyed M, Shoukat, Affan, Bawden, Carolyn E, Langley, Joanne M, Singer, Burton H, Fitzpatrick, Meagan C, Galvani, Alison P
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Editor's Choice; Female; Humans; Major; Male; Middle Aged; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - economics; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - prevention & control; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines - administration & dosage; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines - economics; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines - immunology; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human - immunology; United States - epidemiology; Vaccination - economics; Viral Fusion Proteins - immunology
• ISSN: 1058-4838; 1537-6591
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad658

Abstract Background Two prefusion F protein-based vaccines, Arexvy and Abrysvo, have been authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration for protecting older adults against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract illness. We evaluated the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of these vaccines. Methods We developed a discrete-event simulation model, parameterized with the burden of RSV disease including outpatient care, hospitalization, and death for adults aged 60 years or older in the United States. Taking into account the costs associated with these RSV-related outcomes, we calculated the net monetary benefit using quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained as a measure of effectiveness and determined the range of price-per-dose (PPD) for Arexvy and Abrysvo vaccination programs to be cost-effective from a societal perspective. Results Using a willingness-to-pay of $95 000 per QALY gained, we found that vaccination programs could be cost-effective for a PPD up to $127 with Arexvy and $118 with Abrysvo over the first RSV season. Achieving an influenza-like vaccination coverage of 66% for the population of older adults in the United States, the budget impact of these programs at the maximum PPD ranged from $6.48 to $6.78 billion. If the benefits of vaccination extend to a second RSV season as reported in clinical trials, we estimated a maximum PPD of $235 for Arexvy and $245 for Abrysvo, with 2-year budget impacts of $11.78 and $12.25 billion, respectively. Conclusions Vaccination of older adults would provide substantial direct health benefits by reducing outcomes associated with RSV-related illness in this population. Vaccination against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease could be cost-effective and substantially reduce illness, hospitalization, and loss of productivity among older adults. Decisions regarding the provision of RSV vaccines to older adults are critical to the real-world impact of vaccination. Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract This graphical abstract is also available at Tidbit: https://tidbitapp.io/tidbits/cost-effectiveness-of-prefusion-f-protein-based-vaccines-against-respiratory-syncytial-virus-disease-forolder-adults-in-the-united-states