Epigenetic choreography of stem cells: the DNA demethylation episode of development

Reversible DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic manipulator of the genomic information in eukaryotes. DNA demethylation plays a very significant role during embryonic development and stands out for its contribution in molecular reconfiguration during cellular differentiation for determining s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2014-03, Vol.71 (6), p.1017-1032
Main Authors: Kar, Swayamsiddha, Parbin, Sabnam, Deb, Moonmoon, Shilpi, Arunima, Sengupta, Dipta, Rath, Sandip Kumar, Rakshit, Madhumita, Patra, Aditi, Patra, Samir Kumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
biomedical research
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
cell differentiation
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cell Lineage - genetics
Cellular biology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA - genetics
DNA - metabolism
DNA methylation
DNA Methylation - genetics
Embryo, Mammalian - cytology
Embryo, Mammalian - embryology
Embryo, Mammalian - metabolism
embryogenesis
Embryonic Development - genetics
Embryonic growth stage
Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
Epigenetics
eukaryotic cells
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Genome
genomics
Humans
Life Sciences
organogenesis
Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
Review
Stem cells
therapeutics
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Summary:Reversible DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic manipulator of the genomic information in eukaryotes. DNA demethylation plays a very significant role during embryonic development and stands out for its contribution in molecular reconfiguration during cellular differentiation for determining stem cell fate. DNA demethylation arbitrated extensive make-over of the genome via reprogramming in the early embryo results in stem cell plasticity followed by commitment to the principal cell lineages. This article attempts to highlight the sequential phases and hierarchical mode of DNA demethylation events during enactment of the molecular strategy for developmental transition. A comprehensive knowledge regarding the pattern of DNA demethylation during embryogenesis and organogenesis and study of the related lacunae will offer exciting avenues for future biomedical research and stem cell-based regenerative therapy.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-013-1482-2