Epigenetic methylations and their connections with metabolism

Metabolic pathways play fundamental roles in several processes that regulate cell physiology and adaptation to environmental changes. Altered metabolic pathways predispose to several different pathologies ranging from diabetes to cancer. Specific transcriptional programs tightly regulate the enzymes...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2013-05, Vol.70 (9), p.1495-1508
Main Authors: Chiacchiera, Fulvio, Piunti, Andrea, Pasini, Diego
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Chromatin
Chromatin - genetics
Chromatin - metabolism
DNA - genetics
DNA - metabolism
DNA methylation
Environmental changes
Enzymes
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Histones - genetics
Histones - metabolism
Humans
Life Sciences
Metabolic Networks and Pathways
Metabolism
Methylation
Methyltransferases - genetics
Methyltransferases - metabolism
Multi-Author Review
Polycomb-Group Proteins - genetics
Polycomb-Group Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:Metabolic pathways play fundamental roles in several processes that regulate cell physiology and adaptation to environmental changes. Altered metabolic pathways predispose to several different pathologies ranging from diabetes to cancer. Specific transcriptional programs tightly regulate the enzymes involved in cell metabolism and dictate cell fate regulating the differentiation into specialized cell types that contribute to metabolic adaptation in higher organisms. For these reasons, it is of extreme importance to identify signaling pathways and transcription factors that positively and negatively regulate metabolism. Genomic organization allows a plethora of different strategies to regulate transcription. Importantly, large evidence suggests that the quality of diet and the caloric regimen can influence the epigenetic state of our genome and that certain metabolic pathways are also epigenetically controlled reveling a tight crosstalk between metabolism and epigenomes. Here we focus our attention on methylation-based epigenetic reactions, on how different metabolic pathways control these activities, and how these can influence metabolism. Altogether, the recent discoveries linking these apparent distant areas reveal that an exciting field of research is emerging.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-013-1293-5