Direct Species Identification in Positive Blood Culture Bottles From Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

• Published in: Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-04, Vol.16 (4), p.e59043-e59043
• Main Authors: Watanabe, Noriyuki, Koyama, Sachie, Maeda, Tomoya, Karaushi, Haruka, Taji, Yoshitada, Kawasaki, Yohei, Takahashi, Naoki, Mitsutake, Kotaro, Ebihara, Yasuhiro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Blood; Blood cancer; Blood platelets; Catheters; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Healthcare Technology; Hematology; Hemoglobin; Infectious Disease; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Microorganisms; Neutropenia; Neutrophils; Nosocomial infections; Proteins
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59043

Background In patients with hematologic malignancies, faster species identification is particularly important in the management of bloodstream infection because of their immunocompromised and neutropenic status. In the present study, we analyzed direct species identification in patients with hematologic malignancies, and the factors that might influence the results of species identification. Methods We performed direct species identification using a Sepsityper kit (Bruker Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, United States) and compared the results with a conventional method in patients with hematologic malignancies. Forty-five positive blood culture bottles containing single microorganisms from 37 patients were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). And patients' clinical data were compared between the groups with spectral scores at acceptable and unacceptable levels. Results Direct species identification correctly identified 42 of 45 isolates and three were misidentified. While 35 of 45 isolates showed a spectral score ≥1.7 (acceptable identification), 10 isolates had a spectral score