Hepatitis C virus entry into host cells

The recent development of functional models to analyze the early steps of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle has highlighted that HCV entry is a slow and complex multistep process involving the presence of several entry factors. Initial host cell attachment may involve glycosaminoglycans and the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2008-01, Vol.65 (1), p.100-112
Main Authors: Helle, F, Dubuisson, J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens, CD - physiology
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Cellular biology
Claudin-1
entry factor
envelope glycoprotein
Glycoproteins
Hepacivirus - pathogenicity
Hepatitis
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C virus
Humans
Life Sciences
Membrane Proteins - physiology
Receptors, Virus
Review
Scavenger Receptors, Class B - physiology
Studies
Tetraspanin 28
viral fusion
viral receptor
virus attachment
virus entry
Virus Internalization
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Summary:The recent development of functional models to analyze the early steps of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle has highlighted that HCV entry is a slow and complex multistep process involving the presence of several entry factors. Initial host cell attachment may involve glycosaminoglycans and the low-density lipoprotein receptor, after which the particle appears to interact sequentially with three entry factors: the scavenger receptor class B type I, the tetraspanin CD81 and the tight-junction protein claudin-1. Several serum components may also modulate HCV entry, while the recently discovered CD81 partner EWI-2wint can block the interaction of the viral particle with CD81, potentially preventing infection in the cell types in which it is expressed. After binding to the host cell, the HCV particle is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis, with fusion likely occuring in early endosomes. This review summarizes our current knowledge on HCV entry.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-007-7291-8