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Anaplasma capra: a new emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen
The genus Anaplasma includes A. marginale, A. centrale, A. bovis, A. ovis, A. platys , and A. phagocytophilum transmitted by ticks, some of which are zoonotic and cause anaplasmosis in humans and animals. In 2012, a new species was discovered in goats in China. In 2015, the same agent was detected i...
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Published in: | Veterinary research communications 2024-06, Vol.48 (3), p.1329-1340 |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The genus
Anaplasma
includes
A. marginale, A. centrale, A. bovis, A. ovis, A. platys
, and
A. phagocytophilum
transmitted by ticks, some of which are zoonotic and cause anaplasmosis in humans and animals. In 2012, a new species was discovered in goats in China. In 2015, the same agent was detected in humans in China, and it was provisionally named
Anaplasma capra
, referring to 2012. The studies conducted to date have revealed the existence of
A. capra
in humans, domestic animals, wild animals, and ticks from three different continents (Asia, Europe, and Africa). Phylogenetic analyses based on
gltA
and
groEL
sequences show that
A. capra
clearly includes two different genotypes (
A. capra
genotype-1 and
A. capra
genotype-2). Although
A. capra
human isolates are in the genotype-2 group, goat, sheep, and cattle isolates are in both groups, making it difficult to establish a host genotype-relationship. According to current data, it can be thought that human isolates are genotype-2 and while only genotype-1 is found in Europe, both genotypes are found in Asia.
Anaplasma capra
causes clinical disease in humans, but the situation is not yet sufficient to understand the zoonotic importance and pathogenicity in animals. In the present review, the history, hosts (vertebrates and ticks), molecular prevalence, pathogenic properties, and genetic diversity of
A. capra
were evaluated from a broad perspective. |
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ISSN: | 0165-7380 1573-7446 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11259-024-10337-9 |