A Reduction in the Number of Hospitalized Cases of Acute Meningitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

Objective The changes in the prevalence of acute meningitis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of acute meningitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the Japanese nation...

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Published in:Internal Medicine 2024/05/15, Vol.63(10), pp.1353-1359
Main Authors: Akaishi, Tetsuya, Tarasawa, Kunio, Fushimi, Kiyohide, Ota, Chiharu, Sekiguchi, Sumireko, Aoyagi, Tetsuji, Yaegashi, Nobuo, Aoki, Masashi, Fujimori, Kenji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Disease
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Bacteria
bacterial meningitis
Child
Child, Preschool
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 pandemic
DPC database
Female
Hospitalization
Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Japan - epidemiology
Male
Meningitis
Meningitis - epidemiology
Meningitis, Viral - epidemiology
Middle Aged
Original
Pandemics
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Tuberculosis
viral meningitis
Young Adult
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container_end_page 1359
container_issue 10
container_start_page 1353
container_title Internal Medicine
container_volume 63
creator Akaishi, Tetsuya
Tarasawa, Kunio
Fushimi, Kiyohide
Ota, Chiharu
Sekiguchi, Sumireko
Aoyagi, Tetsuji
Yaegashi, Nobuo
Aoki, Masashi
Fujimori, Kenji
description Objective The changes in the prevalence of acute meningitis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of acute meningitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the Japanese nationwide administrative medical payment system database, Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC), from 2016 to 2022. A total of 547 hospitals consistently and seamlessly offered DPC data during this period. The study period was divided into the following three periods: April 2016 to March 2018 (fiscal years 2016-2017), April 2018-March 2020 (2018-2019), and April 2020-March 2022 (2020-2021). Results Among the 28,161,806 patients hospitalized during the study period, 28,399 were hospitalized for acute meningitis: 16,678 for viral/aseptic type, 6,189 for bacterial type, 655 for fungal type, 429 for tuberculous, 2,310 for carcinomatous type, and 2,138 for other or unknown types of meningitis. A significant decrease during the pandemic was confirmed in viral (n=7,032, n=5,775, and n=3,871 in each period; p
doi_str_mv 10.2169/internalmedicine.3022-23
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This study aimed to compare the prevalence of acute meningitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the Japanese nationwide administrative medical payment system database, Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC), from 2016 to 2022. A total of 547 hospitals consistently and seamlessly offered DPC data during this period. The study period was divided into the following three periods: April 2016 to March 2018 (fiscal years 2016-2017), April 2018-March 2020 (2018-2019), and April 2020-March 2022 (2020-2021). Results Among the 28,161,806 patients hospitalized during the study period, 28,399 were hospitalized for acute meningitis: 16,678 for viral/aseptic type, 6,189 for bacterial type, 655 for fungal type, 429 for tuberculous, 2,310 for carcinomatous type, and 2,138 for other or unknown types of meningitis. A significant decrease during the pandemic was confirmed in viral (n=7,032, n=5,775, and n=3,871 in each period; p&lt;0.0001) and bacterial meningitis (n=2,291, n=2,239, and n=1,659; p&lt;0.0001) cases. Meanwhile, no decrease was observed in fungal meningitis (n=212, n=246, and n=197; p=0.056) or carcinomatous meningitis (n=781, n=795, and n=734; p=0.27). The decrease in the number of tuberculous meningitis cases was equivocal (n=166, n=146, and n=117; p=0.014). The decrease during the pandemic was more remarkable in younger populations aged &lt;50 years than in older populations, both for viral and bacterial meningitis. Conclusion The number of hospitalized cases of acute meningitis clearly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for viral and bacterial meningitis in younger populations aged &lt;50 years.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0918-2918</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1349-7235</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1349-7235</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3022-23</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38432966</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</publisher><subject>Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacteria ; bacterial meningitis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 pandemic ; DPC database ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Hospitalization - statistics &amp; numerical data ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Japan - epidemiology ; Male ; Meningitis ; Meningitis - epidemiology ; Meningitis, Viral - epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Original ; Pandemics ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tuberculosis ; viral meningitis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Internal Medicine, 2024/05/15, Vol.63(10), pp.1353-1359</ispartof><rights>2024 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</rights><rights>2024. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c589t-3cc68561a4a6c36aef4e01727575019d24358b13d2ca579424214d3f608564413</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157317/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157317/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38432966$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Akaishi, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tarasawa, Kunio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fushimi, Kiyohide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ota, Chiharu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sekiguchi, Sumireko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoyagi, Tetsuji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yaegashi, Nobuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoki, Masashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fujimori, Kenji</creatorcontrib><title>A Reduction in the Number of Hospitalized Cases of Acute Meningitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan</title><title>Internal Medicine</title><addtitle>Intern. Med.</addtitle><description>Objective The changes in the prevalence of acute meningitis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of acute meningitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the Japanese nationwide administrative medical payment system database, Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC), from 2016 to 2022. A total of 547 hospitals consistently and seamlessly offered DPC data during this period. The study period was divided into the following three periods: April 2016 to March 2018 (fiscal years 2016-2017), April 2018-March 2020 (2018-2019), and April 2020-March 2022 (2020-2021). Results Among the 28,161,806 patients hospitalized during the study period, 28,399 were hospitalized for acute meningitis: 16,678 for viral/aseptic type, 6,189 for bacterial type, 655 for fungal type, 429 for tuberculous, 2,310 for carcinomatous type, and 2,138 for other or unknown types of meningitis. A significant decrease during the pandemic was confirmed in viral (n=7,032, n=5,775, and n=3,871 in each period; p&lt;0.0001) and bacterial meningitis (n=2,291, n=2,239, and n=1,659; p&lt;0.0001) cases. Meanwhile, no decrease was observed in fungal meningitis (n=212, n=246, and n=197; p=0.056) or carcinomatous meningitis (n=781, n=795, and n=734; p=0.27). The decrease in the number of tuberculous meningitis cases was equivocal (n=166, n=146, and n=117; p=0.014). The decrease during the pandemic was more remarkable in younger populations aged &lt;50 years than in older populations, both for viral and bacterial meningitis. 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Tarasawa, Kunio ; Fushimi, Kiyohide ; Ota, Chiharu ; Sekiguchi, Sumireko ; Aoyagi, Tetsuji ; Yaegashi, Nobuo ; Aoki, Masashi ; Fujimori, Kenji</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c589t-3cc68561a4a6c36aef4e01727575019d24358b13d2ca579424214d3f608564413</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acute Disease</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>bacterial meningitis</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 pandemic</topic><topic>DPC database</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Hospitalization - statistics &amp; numerical data</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Japan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Meningitis</topic><topic>Meningitis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Meningitis, Viral - epidemiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><topic>Tuberculosis</topic><topic>viral meningitis</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Akaishi, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tarasawa, Kunio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fushimi, Kiyohide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ota, Chiharu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sekiguchi, Sumireko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoyagi, Tetsuji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yaegashi, Nobuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoki, Masashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fujimori, Kenji</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Internal Medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Akaishi, Tetsuya</au><au>Tarasawa, Kunio</au><au>Fushimi, Kiyohide</au><au>Ota, Chiharu</au><au>Sekiguchi, Sumireko</au><au>Aoyagi, Tetsuji</au><au>Yaegashi, Nobuo</au><au>Aoki, Masashi</au><au>Fujimori, Kenji</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Reduction in the Number of Hospitalized Cases of Acute Meningitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan</atitle><jtitle>Internal Medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Intern. Med.</addtitle><date>2024-05-15</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>63</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1353</spage><epage>1359</epage><pages>1353-1359</pages><artnum>3022-23</artnum><issn>0918-2918</issn><issn>1349-7235</issn><eissn>1349-7235</eissn><abstract>Objective The changes in the prevalence of acute meningitis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of acute meningitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the Japanese nationwide administrative medical payment system database, Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC), from 2016 to 2022. A total of 547 hospitals consistently and seamlessly offered DPC data during this period. The study period was divided into the following three periods: April 2016 to March 2018 (fiscal years 2016-2017), April 2018-March 2020 (2018-2019), and April 2020-March 2022 (2020-2021). Results Among the 28,161,806 patients hospitalized during the study period, 28,399 were hospitalized for acute meningitis: 16,678 for viral/aseptic type, 6,189 for bacterial type, 655 for fungal type, 429 for tuberculous, 2,310 for carcinomatous type, and 2,138 for other or unknown types of meningitis. A significant decrease during the pandemic was confirmed in viral (n=7,032, n=5,775, and n=3,871 in each period; p&lt;0.0001) and bacterial meningitis (n=2,291, n=2,239, and n=1,659; p&lt;0.0001) cases. Meanwhile, no decrease was observed in fungal meningitis (n=212, n=246, and n=197; p=0.056) or carcinomatous meningitis (n=781, n=795, and n=734; p=0.27). The decrease in the number of tuberculous meningitis cases was equivocal (n=166, n=146, and n=117; p=0.014). The decrease during the pandemic was more remarkable in younger populations aged &lt;50 years than in older populations, both for viral and bacterial meningitis. Conclusion The number of hospitalized cases of acute meningitis clearly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for viral and bacterial meningitis in younger populations aged &lt;50 years.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</pub><pmid>38432966</pmid><doi>10.2169/internalmedicine.3022-23</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof Internal Medicine, 2024/05/15, Vol.63(10), pp.1353-1359
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1349-7235
1349-7235
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11157317
source PubMed Central
subjects Acute Disease
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Bacteria
bacterial meningitis
Child
Child, Preschool
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 pandemic
DPC database
Female
Hospitalization
Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Japan - epidemiology
Male
Meningitis
Meningitis - epidemiology
Meningitis, Viral - epidemiology
Middle Aged
Original
Pandemics
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Tuberculosis
viral meningitis
Young Adult
title A Reduction in the Number of Hospitalized Cases of Acute Meningitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan
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